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Ontogenetic scaling patterns and functional anatomy of the pelvic limb musculature in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) (2014)
Journal Article
Lamas, L., Main, R. P., & Hutchinson, J. R. (2014). Ontogenetic scaling patterns and functional anatomy of the pelvic limb musculature in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae). https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.716

Emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) are exclusively terrestrial, bipedal and cursorial ratites with some similar biomechanical characteristics to humans. Their growth rates are impressive, as their body mass increases eighty-fold from hatching to adultho... Read More about Ontogenetic scaling patterns and functional anatomy of the pelvic limb musculature in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae).

Iodine vapor staining for atomic number contrast in backscattered electron and X-ray imaging (2014)
Journal Article
Boyde, A., McCorkell, F. A., Taylor, G. K., Bomphrey, R. J., & Doube, M. (2014). Iodine vapor staining for atomic number contrast in backscattered electron and X-ray imaging. Microscopy Research and Technique, 77(12), 1044-1051. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.22435

Iodine imparts strong contrast to objects imaged with electrons and X‐rays due to its high atomic number (53), and is widely used in liquid form as a microscopic stain and clinical contrast agent. We have developed a simple technique which exploits e... Read More about Iodine vapor staining for atomic number contrast in backscattered electron and X-ray imaging.

Mitigating the Goldilocks effect: the effects of different substrate models on track formation potential (2014)
Journal Article
Falkingham, P. L., Hage, J., & Baeker, M. (2014). Mitigating the Goldilocks effect: the effects of different substrate models on track formation potential. Royal Society Open Science, 1(3), 140225. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140225

In ichnology, the Goldilocks effect describes a scenario in which a substrate must be ‘just right’ in order for tracks to form—too soft, the animal will be unable to traverse the area, and too firm, the substrate will not deform. Any given substrate... Read More about Mitigating the Goldilocks effect: the effects of different substrate models on track formation potential.

Don't break a leg: Running birds from quail to ostrich prioritise leg safety and economy in uneven terrain (2014)
Journal Article
Birn-Jeffery, A. V., Hubicki, C. M., Blum, Y., Renjewski, D., Hurst, J. W., & Daley, M. A. (2014). Don't break a leg: Running birds from quail to ostrich prioritise leg safety and economy in uneven terrain. Journal of Experimental Biology, 217(Pt21), 3786-96. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.102640

Cursorial ground birds are paragons of bipedal running that span a 500-fold mass range from quail to ostrich. Here we investigate the task-level control priorities of cursorial birds by analysing how they negotiate single-step obstacles that create a... Read More about Don't break a leg: Running birds from quail to ostrich prioritise leg safety and economy in uneven terrain.

Mineralisation of collagen rich soft tissues and osteocyte lacunae in Enpp1-/- mice (2014)
Journal Article
Hajjawi, M. O. R., MacRae, V. E., Huesa, C., Boyde, A., Millan, J. L., Arnett, T. R., & Orriss, I. R. (2014). Mineralisation of collagen rich soft tissues and osteocyte lacunae in Enpp1-/- mice. BONE, 69, 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2014.09.016

Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (NPPs) hydrolyse nucleotide triphosphates to the corresponding nucleotide monophosphates and the mineralisation inhibitor, pyrophosphate (PPi). This study examined the role of NPP1 in osteocytes, ost... Read More about Mineralisation of collagen rich soft tissues and osteocyte lacunae in Enpp1-/- mice.

Calcium Homeostasis in Myogenic Differentiation Factor 1 (MyoD)-Transformed, Virally-Transduced, Skin-Derived Equine Myotubes (2014)
Journal Article
Fernandez-Fuente, M., Terracciano, C. M., Martin-Duque, P., Brown, S. C., Vassaux, G., & Piercy, R. J. (2014). Calcium Homeostasis in Myogenic Differentiation Factor 1 (MyoD)-Transformed, Virally-Transduced, Skin-Derived Equine Myotubes. PLoS ONE, 9(8), e105971. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105971

Dysfunctional skeletal muscle calcium homeostasis plays a central role in the pathophysiology of several human and animal skeletal muscle disorders, in particular, genetic disorders associated with ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) mutations, such as malig... Read More about Calcium Homeostasis in Myogenic Differentiation Factor 1 (MyoD)-Transformed, Virally-Transduced, Skin-Derived Equine Myotubes.

Vitamin K catabolite inhibition of ovariectomy-induced bone loss: Structure–activity relationship considerations (2014)
Journal Article
Soper, R. J., Oguz, C., Emery, R., Pitsillides, A. A., & Hodges, S. J. (2014). Vitamin K catabolite inhibition of ovariectomy-induced bone loss: Structure–activity relationship considerations. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 58(8), 1658-1666. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201400063

The potential benefit of vitamin K as a therapeutic in osteoporosis is controversial and the vitamin K regimen being used clinically (45 mg/day) employs doses that are many times higher than required to ensure maximal gamma‐carboxylation of the vitam... Read More about Vitamin K catabolite inhibition of ovariectomy-induced bone loss: Structure–activity relationship considerations.

Anatomical and biomechanical traits of broiler chickens across ontogeny. Part I. Anatomy of the musculoskeletal respiratory apparatus and changes in organ size (2014)
Journal Article
Tickle, P. G., Paxton, H. P., Rankin, J. W., Hutchinson, J. R., & Codd, J. R. (2014). Anatomical and biomechanical traits of broiler chickens across ontogeny. Part I. Anatomy of the musculoskeletal respiratory apparatus and changes in organ size. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.432

Genetic selection for improved meat yields, digestive efficiency and growth rates have transformed the biology of broiler chickens. Modern birds undergo a 50-fold multiplication in body mass in just six weeks, from hatching to slaughter weight. Howev... Read More about Anatomical and biomechanical traits of broiler chickens across ontogeny. Part I. Anatomy of the musculoskeletal respiratory apparatus and changes in organ size.

Anatomical and biomechanical traits of broiler chickens across ontogeny. Part II. Body segment inertial properties and muscle architecture of the pelvic limb (2014)
Journal Article
Hutchinson, J. R., Paxton, H. P., Codd, J., Rankin, J. W., & Tickle, P. (2014). Anatomical and biomechanical traits of broiler chickens across ontogeny. Part II. Body segment inertial properties and muscle architecture of the pelvic limb. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.473

In broiler chickens, genetic success for desired production traits is often shadowed by welfare concerns related to musculoskeletal health. Whilst these concerns are clear, a viable solution is still elusive. Part of the solution lies in knowing how... Read More about Anatomical and biomechanical traits of broiler chickens across ontogeny. Part II. Body segment inertial properties and muscle architecture of the pelvic limb.

Swing-leg trajectory of running guinea fowl suggest task-level priority of force regulation rather than disturbance rejection (2014)
Journal Article
Blum, Y., Vejdani, H. R., Birn-Jeffery, A. V., Hubicki, C. M., Hurst, J. W., & Daley, M. A. (2014). Swing-leg trajectory of running guinea fowl suggest task-level priority of force regulation rather than disturbance rejection. PLoS ONE, 9(6), e100399. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100399

To achieve robust and stable legged locomotion in uneven terrain, animals must effectively coordinate limb swing and stance phases, which involve distinct yet coupled dynamics. Recent theoretical studies have highlighted the critical influence of swi... Read More about Swing-leg trajectory of running guinea fowl suggest task-level priority of force regulation rather than disturbance rejection.

Low Dose of Propranolol Does Not Affect Rat Osteotomy Healing and Callus Strength (2014)
Journal Article
Smitham, P., Crossfield, L., Hughes, G., Goodship, A., Blunn, G., & Chenu, C. (2014). Low Dose of Propranolol Does Not Affect Rat Osteotomy Healing and Callus Strength. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 32(7), 887-893. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.22619

Experimental studies suggest that the β‐blocker propranolol stimulates bone formation but little work has investigated its effect on fracture healing. In this study, we examined if a low dose of propranolol, previously shown to be preventive against... Read More about Low Dose of Propranolol Does Not Affect Rat Osteotomy Healing and Callus Strength.

Poloxomer 188 Has a Deleterious Effect on Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle Function (2014)
Journal Article
Terry, R. L., Kaneb, H. M., & Wells, D. J. (2014). Poloxomer 188 Has a Deleterious Effect on Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle Function. PLoS ONE, 9(3), e91221. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091221

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked, fatal muscle wasting disease for which there is currently no cure and limited palliative treatments. Poloxomer 188 (P188) is a tri-block copolymer that has been proposed as a potential treatment for c... Read More about Poloxomer 188 Has a Deleterious Effect on Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle Function.

Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 1 (LRP1)-mediated Endocytic Clearance of a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4) FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCES OF NON-CATALYTIC DOMAINS OF ADAMTS-4 AND ADAMTS-5 IN LRP1 BINDING (2014)
Journal Article
Yamamoto, K., Owen, K., Parker, A. E., Scilabra, S. D., Dudhia, J., Strickland, D. K., …Nagase, H. (2014). Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 1 (LRP1)-mediated Endocytic Clearance of a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4) FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCES OF NON-CATALYTIC DOMAINS OF ADAMTS-4 AND ADAMTS-5 IN LRP1 BINDING. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(10), 6462-6474. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.545376

Degradation of the cartilage proteoglycan aggrecan is an early event in the development of osteoarthritis, and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4) and ADAMTS-5 are considered to be the major aggrecan-degrading... Read More about Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 1 (LRP1)-mediated Endocytic Clearance of a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4) FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCES OF NON-CATALYTIC DOMAINS OF ADAMTS-4 AND ADAMTS-5 IN LRP1 BINDING.

Adenovirus-mediated expression of Myogenic Differentiation Factor 1 (MyoD) in equine and human dermal fibroblasts enables their conversion to caffeine-sensitive myotubes (2014)
Journal Article
Fernandez-Fuente, M., Martin-Duque, P., Vassaux, G., Brown, S. C., Muntoni, F., Terracciano, C. M., & Piercy, R. J. (2014). Adenovirus-mediated expression of Myogenic Differentiation Factor 1 (MyoD) in equine and human dermal fibroblasts enables their conversion to caffeine-sensitive myotubes. Neuromuscular Disorders, 24(3), 250-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmd.2013.11.009

Several human and animal myopathies, such as malignant hyperthermia (MH), central core disease and equine recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis (RER) are confirmed or thought to be associated with dysfunction of skeletal muscle calcium regulation. For... Read More about Adenovirus-mediated expression of Myogenic Differentiation Factor 1 (MyoD) in equine and human dermal fibroblasts enables their conversion to caffeine-sensitive myotubes.

Proteomic Analysis of Tendon Extracellular Matrix Reveals Disease Stage- specific Fragmentation and Differential Cleavage of COMP ( Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein) (2014)
Journal Article
Dakin, S. G., Smith, R. K. W., Heinegard, D., Onnerfjord, P., Khabut, A., & Dudhia, J. (2014). Proteomic Analysis of Tendon Extracellular Matrix Reveals Disease Stage- specific Fragmentation and Differential Cleavage of COMP ( Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(8), 4919-4927. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.511972

During inflammatory processes the extracellular matrix (ECM) is extensively remodeled, and many of the constituent components are released as proteolytically cleaved fragments. These degradative processes are better documented for inflammatory joint... Read More about Proteomic Analysis of Tendon Extracellular Matrix Reveals Disease Stage- specific Fragmentation and Differential Cleavage of COMP ( Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein).

Deletion of a Single beta-Catenin Allele in Osteocytes Abolishes the Bone Anabolic Response to Loading (2014)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., Stern, A. R., Lara, N., Dallas, M., Zhao, H., Liu, Y., …Johnson, M. L. (2014). Deletion of a Single beta-Catenin Allele in Osteocytes Abolishes the Bone Anabolic Response to Loading. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 29(3), 705-715. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2064

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is essential for bone cell viability and function and for skeletal integrity. To determine if β-catenin in osteocytes plays a role in the bone anabolic response to mechanical loading, 18- to 24-week-old osteocyte β... Read More about Deletion of a Single beta-Catenin Allele in Osteocytes Abolishes the Bone Anabolic Response to Loading.