Whole-genome sequencing of Schistosoma mansoni reveals extensive diversity with limited selection despite mass drug administration

Berger, DJ; Crellen, T; Lamberton, PHL; Allan, F; Tracey, A; Noonan, JD; Kabatereine, NB; Tukahebwa, EM; Adriko, M; Holroyd, N; Webster, JP; Berriman, M; Cotton, JA

Abstract

Control and elimination of the parasitic disease schistosomiasis relies on mass administration of praziquantel. Whilst these programmes reduce infection prevalence and intensity, their impact on parasite transmission and evolution is poorly understood. Here we examine the genomic impact of repeated mass drug administration on Schistosoma mansoni populations with documented reduced praziquantel efficacy. We sequenced whole-genomes of 198 S. mansoni larvae from 34 Ugandan children from regions with contrasting praziquantel exposure. Parasites infecting children from Lake Victoria, a transmission hotspot, form a diverse panmictic population. A single round of treatment did not reduce this diversity with no apparent population contraction caused by long-term praziquantel use. We find evidence of positive selection acting on members of gene families previously implicated in praziquantel action, but detect no high frequency functionally impactful variants. As efforts to eliminate schistosomiasis intensify, our study provides a foundation for genomic surveillance of this major human parasite. Schistosomiasis control strategies rely on mass drug administration (MDA) using praziquantel. Here, Berger et al. perform whole-genome sequencing of larvae from infected children across Ugandan regions with differing MDA histories. They find extensive gene flow with limited positive selection suggesting minimal change post MDA.

Citation

Berger, D., Crellen, T., Lamberton, P., Allan, F., Tracey, A., Noonan, J., …Cotton, J. (2021). Whole-genome sequencing of Schistosoma mansoni reveals extensive diversity with limited selection despite mass drug administration. Nature Communications, 12(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24958-0

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 6, 2021
• Publication Date: 2021
• Deposit Date: Jan 7, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 7, 2022
• Publisher: Nature Research
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 1
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24958-0
• Keywords: CHANNEL BETA-SUBUNITS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; PRAZIQUANTEL TREATMENT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; RESISTANCE; CHEMOTHERAPY; INFECTION; EFFICACY; IMPACT
• Public URL: https://rvc-repository.worktribe.com/output/1554731