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Haptoglobin, alpha-thalassaemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase polymorphisms and risk of abnormal transcranial Doppler among patients with sickle cell anaemia in Tanzania (2014)
Journal Article
Cox, S. E., Makani, J., Soka, D., Kija, E., Dominguez-Salas, P., Newton, C. R., …Kirkham, F. J. (2014). Haptoglobin, alpha-thalassaemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase polymorphisms and risk of abnormal transcranial Doppler among patients with sickle cell anaemia in Tanzania. British Journal of Haematology, 165(5), 699-706. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.12791

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measures cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) of basal intracranial vessels and is used clinically to detect stroke risk in children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA). Co‐inheritance in SCA of alpha‐thalassaemia and g... Read More about Haptoglobin, alpha-thalassaemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase polymorphisms and risk of abnormal transcranial Doppler among patients with sickle cell anaemia in Tanzania.

Deletion of a Single beta-Catenin Allele in Osteocytes Abolishes the Bone Anabolic Response to Loading (2014)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., Stern, A. R., Lara, N., Dallas, M., Zhao, H., Liu, Y., …Johnson, M. L. (2014). Deletion of a Single beta-Catenin Allele in Osteocytes Abolishes the Bone Anabolic Response to Loading. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 29(3), 705-715. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2064

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is essential for bone cell viability and function and for skeletal integrity. To determine if β-catenin in osteocytes plays a role in the bone anabolic response to mechanical loading, 18- to 24-week-old osteocyte β... Read More about Deletion of a Single beta-Catenin Allele in Osteocytes Abolishes the Bone Anabolic Response to Loading.

Dietary supplementation with soluble plantain non-starch polysaccharides inhibits intestinal invasion of salmonella typhimurium in the chicken (2014)
Journal Article
Parsons, B. N., Wigley, P., Simpson, H., Williams, J. M., Humphrey, S., Salisbury, A., …Campbell, B. J. (2014). Dietary supplementation with soluble plantain non-starch polysaccharides inhibits intestinal invasion of salmonella typhimurium in the chicken. PLoS ONE, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087658

Soluble fibres (non-starch polysaccharides, NSP) from edible plants but particularly plantain banana (Musa spp.), have been shown in vitro and ex vivo to prevent various enteric pathogens from adhering to, or translocating across, the human intestina... Read More about Dietary supplementation with soluble plantain non-starch polysaccharides inhibits intestinal invasion of salmonella typhimurium in the chicken.

Using Risk Assessment as Part of a Systems Approach to the Control and Prevention of HPAIV H5N1 (2014)
Journal Article
Costard, S., Fournié, G., & Pfeiffer, D. U. (2014). Using Risk Assessment as Part of a Systems Approach to the Control and Prevention of HPAIV H5N1. EcoHealth, 11(1), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-014-0907-1

Since its emergence in China in 1996, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 has spread across Asia, Africa, and Europe. Countries had to promptly implement control and prevention measures. Numerous research and capacity building initia... Read More about Using Risk Assessment as Part of a Systems Approach to the Control and Prevention of HPAIV H5N1.

Regional variation in digital cushion pressure in the forefeet of horses and elephants (2014)
Journal Article
Warner, S. E., Henry, V., Roskilly, K., Hildebrandt, T., Panagiotopoulou, O., & Hutchinson, J. R. (2014). Regional variation in digital cushion pressure in the forefeet of horses and elephants. PeerJ PrePrints, https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.231v1

In this study, we seek to understand how the digital cushion morphologies evident in horse and elephant feet influence internal and external foot pressures. Our novel use of invasive blood pressure monitoring equipment, combined with a pressure pad a... Read More about Regional variation in digital cushion pressure in the forefeet of horses and elephants.

Homologous and heterologous desensitization of guanylyl cyclase-B signaling in GH3 somatolactotropes (2014)
Journal Article
Thompson, I. R., Mirczuk, S. M., Smith, L., Lessey, A. J., Simbi, B., Sunters, A., …Fowkes, R. C. (2014). Homologous and heterologous desensitization of guanylyl cyclase-B signaling in GH3 somatolactotropes. Cell and Tissue Research, 355(2), 425-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-013-1763-y

The guanylyl cyclases, GC-A and GC-B, are selective receptors for atrial and C-type natriuretic peptides (ANP and CNP, respectively). In the anterior pituitary, CNP and GC-B are major regulators of cGMP production in gonadotropes and yet mouse models... Read More about Homologous and heterologous desensitization of guanylyl cyclase-B signaling in GH3 somatolactotropes.

Nrf2 impacts the efficiency of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (2014)
Journal Article
Ludtmann, M. H. R., Angelova, P. R., Zhang, Y., Abramov, A. Y., & Dinkova-Kostova, A. T. (2014). Nrf2 impacts the efficiency of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Biochemical Journal, 457(3), 415-424. https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20130863

Transcription factor Nrf2 (NF-E2 p45-related factor 2) regulates the cellular redox homoeostasis and cytoprotective responses, allowing adaptation and survival under conditions of stress. The significance of Nrf2 in intermediary metabolism is also be... Read More about Nrf2 impacts the efficiency of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.

Does the current regulation of assisted reproductive techniques in the UK safeguard animal welfare? (2014)
Journal Article
Campbell, M. L. H. (2014). Does the current regulation of assisted reproductive techniques in the UK safeguard animal welfare?. https://doi.org/10.7120/09627286.23.1.109

Reproductive medicine is one of the fastest developing fields of veterinary medicine. Regulation of veterinary-assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) is currently divided between the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act (1986), the Veterinary Surge... Read More about Does the current regulation of assisted reproductive techniques in the UK safeguard animal welfare?.

Flexibility within the Heads of Muscle Myosin-2 Molecules (2014)
Journal Article
Billington, N., Revill, D. J., Burgess, S. A., Chantler, P. D., & Knight, P. J. (2014). Flexibility within the Heads of Muscle Myosin-2 Molecules. Journal of Molecular Biology, 426(4), 894-907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2013.11.028

We show that negative-stain electron microscopy and image processing of nucleotide-free (apo) striated muscle myosin-2 subfragment-1 (S1), possessing one light chain or both light chains, is capable of resolving significant amounts of structural deta... Read More about Flexibility within the Heads of Muscle Myosin-2 Molecules.

Pulsatile Hormonal Signaling to Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase: Exploring System Sensitivity to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Frequency and Width (2014)
Journal Article
Perrett, R. M., Voliotis, M., Armstrong, S. P., Fowkes, R. C., Pope, G. R., Tsaneva-Atanasova, K., & McArdle, C. A. (2014). Pulsatile Hormonal Signaling to Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase: Exploring System Sensitivity to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Frequency and Width. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(11), 7873-7883. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.532473

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is secreted in brief pulses that stimulate synthesis and secretion of pituitary gonadotropin hormones and thereby mediate control of reproduction. It acts via G-protein-coupled receptors to stimulate effectors, i... Read More about Pulsatile Hormonal Signaling to Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase: Exploring System Sensitivity to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Frequency and Width.

Upwash exploitation and downwash avoidance by flap phasing in ibis formation flight (2014)
Journal Article
Portugal, S. J., Hubel, T. Y., Fritz, J., Heese, S., Trobe, D., Voelkl, B., …Usherwood, J. R. (2014). Upwash exploitation and downwash avoidance by flap phasing in ibis formation flight. Nature, 505(7483), 399-+. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12939

Many species travel in highly organized groups. The most quoted function of these configurations is to reduce energy expenditure and enhance locomotor performance of individuals in the assemblage. The distinctive V formation of bird flocks has long i... Read More about Upwash exploitation and downwash avoidance by flap phasing in ibis formation flight.

Propeptide-Mediated Inhibition of Myostatin Increases Muscle Mass Through Inhibiting Proteolytic Pathways in Aged Mice (2014)
Journal Article
Collins-Hooper, H., Sartori, R., Macharia, R., Visanuvimol, K., Foster, K., Matsakas, A., …Patel, K. (2014). Propeptide-Mediated Inhibition of Myostatin Increases Muscle Mass Through Inhibiting Proteolytic Pathways in Aged Mice. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glt170

Mammalian aging is accompanied by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle, a process called sarcopenia. Myostatin, a secreted member of the transforming growth factor-β family of signaling molecules, has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of muscle gr... Read More about Propeptide-Mediated Inhibition of Myostatin Increases Muscle Mass Through Inhibiting Proteolytic Pathways in Aged Mice.

Fascicles from energy-storing tendons show an age-specific response to cyclic fatigue loading (2014)
Journal Article
Thorpe, C. T., Riley, G. P., Birch, H. L., Clegg, P. D., & Screen, H. R. C. (2014). Fascicles from energy-storing tendons show an age-specific response to cyclic fatigue loading. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.1058

Some tendons, such as the human Achilles and equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), act as energy stores, stretching and recoiling to increase efficiency during locomotion. Our previous observations of rotation in response to applied strain... Read More about Fascicles from energy-storing tendons show an age-specific response to cyclic fatigue loading.

Hyperammonemia and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Predicts Presence of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Dogs with Congenital Portosystemic Shunts (2014)
Journal Article
Tivers, M. S., Handel, I., Gow, A. G., Lipscomb, V. J., Jalan, R., & Mellanby, R. (2014). Hyperammonemia and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Predicts Presence of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Dogs with Congenital Portosystemic Shunts. PLoS ONE, 9(1), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082303

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with liver disease. The pathogenesis of he is incompletely understood although ammonia and inflammatory cytokines have been implicated as key mediators. To facil... Read More about Hyperammonemia and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Predicts Presence of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Dogs with Congenital Portosystemic Shunts.

Animal welfare science: recent publication trends and future research priorities (2014)
Journal Article
Walker, M., Diez-Leon, M., & Mason, G. (2014). Animal welfare science: recent publication trends and future research priorities. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 27(1), 80-100

Animal welfare science is a young and thriving field. Over the last two decades, the output of scientific publications on welfare has increased by c. 10-15% annually (tripling as a proportion of all science papers logged by ISI’s Web of Science), wit... Read More about Animal welfare science: recent publication trends and future research priorities.

Diet composition, food intake, apparent digestibility, and body condition score of the captive asian elephant (elephas maximus): a pilot study in two collections in Thailand (2014)
Journal Article
Romain, S., Angkawanish, T., Bampenpol, P., Pongsopawijit, P., Sombatphuthorn, P., Nomsiri, R., & Silva-Fletcher, A. T. (2014). Diet composition, food intake, apparent digestibility, and body condition score of the captive asian elephant (elephas maximus): a pilot study in two collections in Thailand. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 45(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1638/2011-0261r3.1

Limited data are available regarding the nutrition and feeding of captive Asian elephants in range countries. In this study, feeding regimens of two collections in northern Thailand and their actual diets shaped by availability of forage and mahout p... Read More about Diet composition, food intake, apparent digestibility, and body condition score of the captive asian elephant (elephas maximus): a pilot study in two collections in Thailand.

Identifying optimal parameters for quantification of changes in pelvic movement symmetry as a response to diagnostic analgesia in the hindlimbs of horses (2014)
Journal Article
Pfau, T., Spicer-Jenkins, C., Smith, R. K. W., Bolt, D. M., Fiske-Jackson, A. R., & Witte, T. H. (2014). Identifying optimal parameters for quantification of changes in pelvic movement symmetry as a response to diagnostic analgesia in the hindlimbs of horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 46(6), 759-763. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12220