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Co-circulation of genetically distinct highly pathogenic avian influenza A clade 2.3.4.4 (H5N6) viruses in wild waterfowl and poultry in Europe and East Asia, 2017–18 (2019)
Journal Article
Poen, M. J., Venkatesh, D., Bestebroer, T. M., Vuong, O., Scheuer, R. D., Oude Munnink, B. B., …Lewis, N. S. (2019). Co-circulation of genetically distinct highly pathogenic avian influenza A clade 2.3.4.4 (H5N6) viruses in wild waterfowl and poultry in Europe and East Asia, 2017–18. Virus Evolution, 5(1), vez004. https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/vez004

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 clade 2.3.4.4 viruses were first introduced into Europe in late 2014 and re-introduced in late 2016, following detections in Asia and Russia. In contrast to the 2014–15 H5N8 wave, there was substantial loca... Read More about Co-circulation of genetically distinct highly pathogenic avian influenza A clade 2.3.4.4 (H5N6) viruses in wild waterfowl and poultry in Europe and East Asia, 2017–18.

Plasticity of Amino Acid Residue 145 Near the Receptor Binding Site of H3 Swine Influenza A Viruses and Its Impact on Receptor Binding and Antibody Recognition (2019)
Journal Article
Santos, J. J. S., Abente, E. J., Obadan, A. O., Thompson, A. J., Ferreri, L., Geiger, G., …Perez, D. R. (2019). Plasticity of Amino Acid Residue 145 Near the Receptor Binding Site of H3 Swine Influenza A Viruses and Its Impact on Receptor Binding and Antibody Recognition. Journal of Virology, 93(2), e01413-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01413-18

The hemagglutinin (HA), a glycoprotein on the surface of influenza A virus (IAV), initiates the virus life cycle by binding to terminal sialic acid (SA) residues on host cells. The HA gradually accumulates amino acid substitutions that allow IAV to e... Read More about Plasticity of Amino Acid Residue 145 Near the Receptor Binding Site of H3 Swine Influenza A Viruses and Its Impact on Receptor Binding and Antibody Recognition.

The type of adjuvant in whole inactivated influenza a virus vaccines impacts vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (2018)
Journal Article
Souza, C. K., Rajão, D. S., Sandbulte, M. R., Lopes, S., Lewis, N. S., Loving, C. L., …Vincent, A. L. (2018). The type of adjuvant in whole inactivated influenza a virus vaccines impacts vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease. Vaccine, 36(41), 6103-6110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.08.072

Influenza A virus (IAV) causes a disease burden in the swine industry in the US and is a challenge to prevent due to substantial genetic and antigenic diversity of IAV that circulate in pig populations. Whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccines formulat... Read More about The type of adjuvant in whole inactivated influenza a virus vaccines impacts vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease.

Avian influenza viruses in wild birds: virus evolution in a multi-host ecosystem (2018)
Journal Article
Venkatesh, D., Poen, M. J., Bestebroer, T. M., Scheuer, R. D., Vuong, O., Chkhaidze, M., …Lewis, N. S. (2018). Avian influenza viruses in wild birds: virus evolution in a multi-host ecosystem. Journal of Virology, 92, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00433-18

Wild ducks and gulls are the major reservoirs for avian influenza A viruses (AIVs). The mechanisms that drive AIV evolution are complex at sites where various duck and gull species from multiple flyways breed, winter, or stage. The Republic of Georgi... Read More about Avian influenza viruses in wild birds: virus evolution in a multi-host ecosystem.

The global antigenic diversity of swine influenza A viruses (2016)
Journal Article
Lewis, N. S., Russell, C. A., Langat, P., Anderson, T. K., Berger, K., Bielejec, F., …Vincent, A. L. (2016). The global antigenic diversity of swine influenza A viruses. eLife, 5, e12217. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12217

wine influenza presents a substantial disease burden for pig populations worldwide and poses a potential pandemic threat to humans. There is considerable diversity in both H1 and H3 influenza viruses circulating in swine due to the frequent introduct... Read More about The global antigenic diversity of swine influenza A viruses.

Comparative micro-epidemiology of pathogenic avian influenza virus outbreaks in a wild bird population
Journal Article
Hill, S. C., Hansen, R., Watson, S., Coward, V., Russell, C., Cooper, J., …Pybus, O. G. (in press). Comparative micro-epidemiology of pathogenic avian influenza virus outbreaks in a wild bird population. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 374(1775), https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0259

Understanding the epidemiological dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in wild birds is crucial for guiding effective surveillance and control measures. The spread of H5 HPAIV has been well characterized over large geographical... Read More about Comparative micro-epidemiology of pathogenic avian influenza virus outbreaks in a wild bird population.