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Metabolic properties of the osteoclast (2017)
Journal Article
Arnett, T. R., & Orriss, I. R. (2017). Metabolic properties of the osteoclast. BONE, 115, 25-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2017.12.021

Osteoclasts are defined as cells capable of excavating 3-dimensional resorption pits in bone and other mineralised tissues. They are derived from the differentiation/fusion of promonocytic precursors, and are usually large, multinucleated cells. In c... Read More about Metabolic properties of the osteoclast.

Forelimb muscle and joint actions in Archosauria: insights from Crocodylus johnstoni (Pseudosuchia) and Mussaurus patagonicus (Sauropodomorpha) (2017)
Journal Article
Otero, A., Allen, V., Pol, D., & Hutchinson, J. R. (2017). Forelimb muscle and joint actions in Archosauria: insights from Crocodylus johnstoni (Pseudosuchia) and Mussaurus patagonicus (Sauropodomorpha). https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3976

Many of the major locomotor transitions during the evolution of Archosauria, the lineage including crocodiles and birds as well as extinct Dinosauria, were shifts from quadrupedalism to bipedalism (and vice versa). Those occurred within a continuum b... Read More about Forelimb muscle and joint actions in Archosauria: insights from Crocodylus johnstoni (Pseudosuchia) and Mussaurus patagonicus (Sauropodomorpha).

Exenatide Improves Bone Quality in a Murine Model of Genetically Inherited Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2017)
Journal Article
Pereira, M., Gohin, S., Roux, J., Fisher, A., Cleasby, M. E., Mabilleau, G., & Chenu, C. (2017). Exenatide Improves Bone Quality in a Murine Model of Genetically Inherited Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 8(327), https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00327

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with skeletal complications, including an increased risk of fractures. Reduced blood supply and bone strength may contribute to this skeletal fragility. We hypothesized that long-term administration of... Read More about Exenatide Improves Bone Quality in a Murine Model of Genetically Inherited Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Are mice good models for human neuromuscular disease? Comparing muscle excursions in walking between mice and humans (2017)
Journal Article
Hu, X., Charles, J. P., Akay, T., Hutchinson, J. R., & Blemker, S. S. (2017). Are mice good models for human neuromuscular disease? Comparing muscle excursions in walking between mice and humans. Skeletal Muscle, 7(26), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13395-017-0143-9

The mouse is one of the most widely used animal models to study neuromuscular diseases and test new therapeutic strategies. However, findings from successful pre-clinical studies using mouse models frequently fail to translate to humans due to variou... Read More about Are mice good models for human neuromuscular disease? Comparing muscle excursions in walking between mice and humans.

Assessment of horse owners’ ability to recognise equine laminitis: A cross-sectional study of 93 veterinary diagnosed cases in Great Britain (2017)
Journal Article
Pollard, D., Wylie, C. E., Verheyen, K. L. P., & Newton, J. R. (2017). Assessment of horse owners’ ability to recognise equine laminitis: A cross-sectional study of 93 veterinary diagnosed cases in Great Britain. Equine Veterinary Journal, 49(6), 759–766. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12704

The primary objective was to establish whether cases of owner‐suspected laminitis would be confirmed as laminitis by the attending veterinary surgeon. Secondary objectives were to compare owner‐ and veterinary‐reported information from veterinary‐con... Read More about Assessment of horse owners’ ability to recognise equine laminitis: A cross-sectional study of 93 veterinary diagnosed cases in Great Britain.

Risk factors for race-day fatality, distal limb fracture and epistaxis in Thoroughbreds racing on all-weather surfaces in Great Britain (2000 to 2013) (2017)
Journal Article
Rosanowski, S. M., Chang, Y. M., Stirk, A. J., & Verheyen, K. L. P. (2017). Risk factors for race-day fatality, distal limb fracture and epistaxis in Thoroughbreds racing on all-weather surfaces in Great Britain (2000 to 2013). Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 148, 58-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.10.003

The incidence of race-day injuries in Great Britain (GB) is higher on all-weather (AW) surfaces than on turf. However, to date no studies have focused on identifying risk factors for injury specific to AW racing. Therefore, the objective of the curre... Read More about Risk factors for race-day fatality, distal limb fracture and epistaxis in Thoroughbreds racing on all-weather surfaces in Great Britain (2000 to 2013).

Work minimization accounts for footfall phasing in slow quadrupedal gaits (2017)
Journal Article
Usherwood, J. R., & Self Davies, Z. T. (2017). Work minimization accounts for footfall phasing in slow quadrupedal gaits. eLife, 6, e29495. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.29495.001

Quadrupeds, like most bipeds, tend to walk with an even left/right footfall timing. However, the phasing between hind and forelimbs shows considerable variation. Here, we account for this variation by modeling and explaining the influence of hind-for... Read More about Work minimization accounts for footfall phasing in slow quadrupedal gaits.

Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice (2017)
Journal Article
Mosey, H., Núñez, J. A., Goring, A., Clarkin, C. E., Staines, K. A., Lee, P. D., …Javaheri, B. (2017). Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice. Frontiers in Materials, 4(27), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2017.00027

SCLEROSTIN (Sost) is expressed predominantly in osteocytes acting as a negative regulator of bone formation. In humans, mutations in the SOST gene lead to skeletal overgrowth and increased bone mineral density, suggesting that SCLEROSTIN is a key reg... Read More about Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice.

Elastin is Localised to the Interfascicular Matrix of Energy Storing Tendons and Becomes Increasingly Disorganised With Ageing (2017)
Journal Article
Godinho, M. S., Thorpe, C. T., Greenwald, S. E., & Screen, H. R. (2017). Elastin is Localised to the Interfascicular Matrix of Energy Storing Tendons and Becomes Increasingly Disorganised With Ageing. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09995-4

Tendon is composed of fascicles bound together by the interfascicular matrix (IFM). Energy storing tendons are more elastic and extensible than positional tendons; behaviour provided by specialisation of the IFM to enable repeated interfascicular sli... Read More about Elastin is Localised to the Interfascicular Matrix of Energy Storing Tendons and Becomes Increasingly Disorganised With Ageing.

A quantitative evaluation of physical and digital approaches to centre of mass estimation (2017)
Journal Article
Macaulay, S., Hutchinson, J. R., & Bates, K. T. (2017). A quantitative evaluation of physical and digital approaches to centre of mass estimation. Journal of Anatomy, 231(5), 758-775. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12667

Centre of mass is a fundamental anatomical and biomechanical parameter. Knowledge of centre of mass is essential to inform studies investigating locomotion and other behaviours, through its implications for segment movements, and on whole body factor... Read More about A quantitative evaluation of physical and digital approaches to centre of mass estimation.

The relative compliance of energy-storing tendons may be due to the helical fibril arrangement of their fascicles (2017)
Journal Article
Shearer, T., Thorpe, C. T., & Screen, H. R. C. (2017). The relative compliance of energy-storing tendons may be due to the helical fibril arrangement of their fascicles. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0261

A nonlinear elastic microstructural model is used to investigate the relationship between structure and function in energy-storing and positional tendons. The model is used to fit mechanical tension test data from the equine common digital extensor t... Read More about The relative compliance of energy-storing tendons may be due to the helical fibril arrangement of their fascicles.

Physiological reactivity to spontaneously occurring seizure activity in dogs with epilepsy and their carers (2017)
Journal Article
Packer, R. M. A., Volk, H. A., & Fowkes, R. C. (2017). Physiological reactivity to spontaneously occurring seizure activity in dogs with epilepsy and their carers. Physiology and Behavior, 177, 27-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.04.008

There is a complex bidirectional relationship between stress and epilepsy. Stressful stimuli and subsequent cortisol release act as a trigger for seizure activity in some individuals with epilepsy, and seizure activity itself may act as a stressor to... Read More about Physiological reactivity to spontaneously occurring seizure activity in dogs with epilepsy and their carers.

Stable sulforaphane protects against gait anomalies and modifies bone microarchitecture in the spontaneous STR/Ort model of osteoarthritis (2017)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., Poulet, B., Aljazzar, A., De Souza, R., Piles, M., Hopkinson, M., …Pitsillides, A. A. (2017). Stable sulforaphane protects against gait anomalies and modifies bone microarchitecture in the spontaneous STR/Ort model of osteoarthritis. BONE, 103, 308-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2017.07.028

Osteoarthritis (OA), affecting joints and bone, causes physical gait disability with huge socio-economic burden; treatment remains palliative. Roles for antioxidants in protecting against such chronic disorders have been examined previously. Sulforap... Read More about Stable sulforaphane protects against gait anomalies and modifies bone microarchitecture in the spontaneous STR/Ort model of osteoarthritis.

In search of morphological modules: a systematic review (2017)
Journal Article
Esteve-Altava, B. (2017). In search of morphological modules: a systematic review. Biological Reviews, 92(3), 1332-1347. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12284

Morphological modularity arises in complex living beings due to a semi-independent inheritance, development, and function of body parts. Modularity helps us to understand the evolvability and plasticity of organismal form, and how morphological varia... Read More about In search of morphological modules: a systematic review.

A distinctive patchy osteomalacia characterises Phospho1-deficient mice (2017)
Journal Article
Boyde, A., Staines, K. A., Javaheri, B., Millan, J. L., Pitsillides, A. A., & Farquharson, C. (2017). A distinctive patchy osteomalacia characterises Phospho1-deficient mice. Journal of Anatomy, 231(2), 293-308. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12628

The phosphatase PHOSPHO1 is involved in the initiation of biomineralisation. Bones in Phospho1 knockout (KO) mice show histological osteomalacia with frequent bowing of long bones and spontaneous fractures: they contain less mineral, with smaller min... Read More about A distinctive patchy osteomalacia characterises Phospho1-deficient mice.