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Biased computation of Probability of Target Attainment for antimicrobial drugs (2023)
Journal Article
Toutain, P., Pelligand, L., Gandia, P., Ferran, A., Lees, P., Bousquet-Melou, A., & Concordet, D. (in press). Biased computation of Probability of Target Attainment for antimicrobial drugs. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics,

The medical literature is replete with articles in which there is confusion between “free concentration” and “free fraction” (fu), which is the ratio of free to total plasma concentration. The lack of clarity in distinguishing between these two terms... Read More about Biased computation of Probability of Target Attainment for antimicrobial drugs.

Pharmacology, safety, efficacy and clinical uses of the COX‐2 inhibitor robenacoxib (2022)
Journal Article
Lees, P., Toutain, P., Elliott, J., Giraudel, J. M., Pelligand, L., & King, J. N. (2022). Pharmacology, safety, efficacy and clinical uses of the COX‐2 inhibitor robenacoxib. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 45(4), 325-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13052

Robenacoxib is a veterinary-approved non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the coxib group. It possesses anti-hyperalgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic properties. Robenacoxib inhibits the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 isoform of COX select... Read More about Pharmacology, safety, efficacy and clinical uses of the COX‐2 inhibitor robenacoxib.

Why Were More Than 200 Subjects Required to Demonstrate the Bioequivalence of a New Formulation of Levothyroxine with an Old One? (2019)
Journal Article
Concordet, D., Gandia, P., Montastruc, J., Bousquet-Mélou, A., Lees, P., Ferran, A. A., & Toutain, P. (2019). Why Were More Than 200 Subjects Required to Demonstrate the Bioequivalence of a New Formulation of Levothyroxine with an Old One?. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 59, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-019-00812-x

At the request of French Regulatory Authorities, a new formulation of Levothyrox® was licensed in France in 2017, with the objective of avoiding the stability deficiencies of an existing licensed formulation. Before launching the new formulation, an... Read More about Why Were More Than 200 Subjects Required to Demonstrate the Bioequivalence of a New Formulation of Levothyroxine with an Old One?.

Semi-Mechanistic Modeling of Florfenicol Time-Kill Curves and in silico Dose Fractionation for Calf Respiratory Pathogens (2019)
Journal Article
Pelligand, L., Lees, P., Sidhu, P. K., & Toutain, P. (2019). Semi-Mechanistic Modeling of Florfenicol Time-Kill Curves and in silico Dose Fractionation for Calf Respiratory Pathogens. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01237

An important application of time-kill curve (TKC) assays is determination of the nature of the best PK/PD index (fAUC/MIC or fT% > MIC) and its target value for predicting clinical efficacy in vivo. VetCAST (the veterinary subcommittee of EUCAST) her... Read More about Semi-Mechanistic Modeling of Florfenicol Time-Kill Curves and in silico Dose Fractionation for Calf Respiratory Pathogens.

Differential susceptibility to tetracycline, oxytetracycline and doxycycline of the calf pathogens Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida in three growth media (2019)
Journal Article
Mead, A., Lees, P., Mitchell, J., Rycroft, A. N., Standing, J. F., Toutain, P. L., & Pelligand, L. (2019). Differential susceptibility to tetracycline, oxytetracycline and doxycycline of the calf pathogens Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida in three growth media. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 42(1), 52-59. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12719

For clinical isolates of bovine Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida, this study reports minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) differences for tetracycline, oxytetracycline and doxycycline between cation‐adjusted Mueller‐Hinton broth (CA... Read More about Differential susceptibility to tetracycline, oxytetracycline and doxycycline of the calf pathogens Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida in three growth media.

Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the calf pathogens Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida (2018)
Journal Article
Lees, P., Potter, T., Pelligand, L., & Toutain, P. L. (2018). Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the calf pathogens Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 41(1), 28-38. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12439

A calf tissue cage model was used to study the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of oxytetracycline in serum, inflamed (exudate) and noninflamed (transudate) tissue cage fluids. After intramuscular administration, the PK was characteriz... Read More about Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the calf pathogens Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida.

Comparison of veterinary drugs and veterinary homeopathy: part 2 (2017)
Journal Article
Lees, P., Chambers, D., Pelligand, L., Toutain, P. L., Whiting, M., & Whitehead, M. L. (2017). Comparison of veterinary drugs and veterinary homeopathy: part 2. Veterinary Record, 181, 198-207. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.104279

Part 2 of this narrative review outlines the theoretical and practical bases for assessing the efficacy and effectiveness of conventional medicines and homeopathic products. Known and postulated mechanisms of action are critically reviewed. The evide... Read More about Comparison of veterinary drugs and veterinary homeopathy: part 2.

Comparison of veterinary drugs and veterinary homeopathy: part 1 (2017)
Journal Article
Lees, P., Chambers, D., Pelligand, L., Toutain, P. L., Whiting, M., & Whitehead, M. L. (2017). Comparison of veterinary drugs and veterinary homeopathy: part 1. Veterinary Record, 181(7), 170-176. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.104278

For many years after its invention around 1796, homeopathy was widely used in people and later in animals. Over the intervening period (1796-2016) pharmacology emerged as a science from Materia Medica (medicinal materials) to become the mainstay of v... Read More about Comparison of veterinary drugs and veterinary homeopathy: part 1.

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of florfenicol for the pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida (2017)
Journal Article
Dorey, L., Pelligand, L., Cheng, Z. R., & Lees, P. (2017). Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of florfenicol for the pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. PLoS ONE, 12(5), e0177568. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177568

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) integration and modelling were used to predict dosage schedules for florfenicol for two pig pneumonia pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Pharmacokinetic data were pooled for t... Read More about Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of florfenicol for the pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida.

Potency of marbofloxacin for pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida: Comparison of growth media (2017)
Journal Article
Dorey, L., Hobson, S., & Lees, P. (2017). Potency of marbofloxacin for pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida: Comparison of growth media. Research in Veterinary Science, 111, 43-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.11.001

Pharmacodynamic properties of marbofloxacin were established for six isolates each of the pig respiratory tract pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Three in vitro indices of potency were determined; Minimum Inhibitor... Read More about Potency of marbofloxacin for pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida: Comparison of growth media.

Factors influencing the potency of marbofloxacin for pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida (2017)
Journal Article
Dorey, L., Hobson, S., & Lees, P. (2017). Factors influencing the potency of marbofloxacin for pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Research in Veterinary Science, 111, 93-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.11.011

For the pig respiratory tract pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of marbofloxacin was determined in recommended broths and pig serum at three inoculum strengths. MICs in both g... Read More about Factors influencing the potency of marbofloxacin for pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida.

What is the true in vitro potency of oxytetracycline for the pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida? (2017)
Journal Article
Dorey, L., Hobson, S., & Lees, P. (2017). What is the true in vitro potency of oxytetracycline for the pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida?. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 40(5), 517-529. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12386

The pharmacodynamics of oxytetracycline was determined for pig respiratory tract pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Indices of potency were determined for the following: (i) two matrices, broth and pig serum; (ii) f... Read More about What is the true in vitro potency of oxytetracycline for the pig pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida?.

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the porcine pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida (2017)
Journal Article
Dorey, L., Pelligand, L., Cheng, Z. R., & Lees, P. (2017). Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the porcine pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 40(5), 505-516. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12385

Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) integration and modelling were used to predict dosage schedules of oxytetracycline for two pig pneumonia pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Minimum inhibitory concentration (M... Read More about Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the porcine pneumonia pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida.

Standard PK/PD concepts can be applied to determine a dosage regimen for a macrolide: the case of tulathromycin in the calf (2017)
Journal Article
Toutain, P. L., Potter, T. J., Pelligand, L., Lacroix, M., Illambas, J., & Lees, P. (2017). Standard PK/PD concepts can be applied to determine a dosage regimen for a macrolide: the case of tulathromycin in the calf. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 40(1), 16-27. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12333

The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of tulathromycin, administered to calves subcutaneously at the dosage of 2.5 mg/kg, was established in serum, inflamed (exudate), and noninflamed (transudate) fluids in a tissue cage model. The PK profile of tulathrom... Read More about Standard PK/PD concepts can be applied to determine a dosage regimen for a macrolide: the case of tulathromycin in the calf.