Tumour necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin 1 beta and Interferon gamma have detrimental effects on equine tenocytes that cannot be rescued by IL-1RA or mesenchymal stromal cell-derived factors (2022)
Journal Article
Guest, D., Smith, E., Beaumont, R., McClellan, A., Sze, C., Palomino Lago, E., …Smith, R. (in press). Tumour necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin 1 beta and Interferon gamma have detrimental effects on equine tenocytes that cannot be rescued by IL-1RA or mesenchymal stromal cell-derived factors. Cell and Tissue Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-022-03726-6

Tendon injuries occur commonly in both human and equine athletes, and poor tendon regeneration leads to functionally deficient scar tissue and an increased frequency of re-injury. Despite evidence suggesting inadequate resolution of inflammation le... Read More about Tumour necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin 1 beta and Interferon gamma have detrimental effects on equine tenocytes that cannot be rescued by IL-1RA or mesenchymal stromal cell-derived factors.

Position Statement: Minimal criteria for reporting veterinary and animal medicine research for mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in orthopaedic applications. (2022)
Journal Article
Guest, D. J., Dudhia, J., Smith, R. K., Roberts, S., Conzemius, M., Innes, J. F., …Meeson, R. L. (2022). Position Statement: Minimal criteria for reporting veterinary and animal medicine research for mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in orthopaedic applications. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.817041

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are being used in an increasingly broad range of clinical applications in horses, dogs and cats. In this position statement, we aim to provide guidelines to improve reporting research involving the use of MSCs in... Read More about Position Statement: Minimal criteria for reporting veterinary and animal medicine research for mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in orthopaedic applications..

Improved diagnostic criteria for digital flexor tendon sheath pathology using contrast tenography (2019)
Journal Article
Kent, A. V., Chesworth, M. J., Wells, G., Gerdes, C., Bladon, B. M., Smith, R. K. W., & Fiske-Jackson, A. R. (2019). Improved diagnostic criteria for digital flexor tendon sheath pathology using contrast tenography. Equine Veterinary Journal, 52(2), 205-212. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13166

Evaluation of the Effects of Synovial Multipotent Cells on Deep Digital Flexor Tendon Repair in a Large Animal Model of Intra-Synovial Tendinopathy (2019)
Journal Article
Khan, M. R., Smith, R. K., David, F. H., Lam, R., Hughes, G., DeGodoy, R., …Dudhia, J. (2019). Evaluation of the Effects of Synovial Multipotent Cells on Deep Digital Flexor Tendon Repair in a Large Animal Model of Intra-Synovial Tendinopathy. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 38(1), 128-138. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.24423

ntra‐synovial tendon injuries are a common orthopedic problem with limited treatment options. The synovium is a specialized connective tissue forming the inner encapsulating lining of diarthrodial joints and intra‐synovial tendons. It contains multip... Read More about Evaluation of the Effects of Synovial Multipotent Cells on Deep Digital Flexor Tendon Repair in a Large Animal Model of Intra-Synovial Tendinopathy.

Ultrasonography of the stifle (2019)
Journal Article
Cauvin, E. R. J., & Smith, R. K. W. (2019). Ultrasonography of the stifle. https://doi.org/10.12968/ukve.2019.3.3.86

Stifle injuries are increasingly recognised as a major cause of hind limb lameness and commonly affect the soft tissues of the joint in adult horses, making ultrasonography a vital part of diagnostic imaging of this joint. This article aims to provid... Read More about Ultrasonography of the stifle.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells do not enhance intra-synovial tendon healing despite engraftment and homing to niches within the synovium (2018)
Journal Article
Khan, M. R., Dudhia, J., David, F. H., De Godoy, R., Mehra, V., Hughes, G., …Smith, R. K. W. (2018). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells do not enhance intra-synovial tendon healing despite engraftment and homing to niches within the synovium. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-018-0900-7

Intra-synovial tendon injuries display poor healing, which often results in reduced functionality and pain. A lack of effective therapeutic options has led to experimental approaches to augment natural tendon repair with autologous mesenchymal stem c... Read More about Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells do not enhance intra-synovial tendon healing despite engraftment and homing to niches within the synovium.

Mineralization can be an incidental ultrasonographic finding in equine tendons and ligaments (2018)
Journal Article
O'Brien, E. J. O., & Smith, R. K. W. (2018). Mineralization can be an incidental ultrasonographic finding in equine tendons and ligaments. https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.12628

Tendon/ligament mineralization is recognized in horses but information regarding its clinical significance is limited. The aims of this observational study were to report the structures most commonly affected by ultrasonographically detectable minera... Read More about Mineralization can be an incidental ultrasonographic finding in equine tendons and ligaments.

Autologous Stem Cells in Achilles Tendinopathy (ASCAT): protocol for a phase IIA, single-centre, proof-of-concept study (2018)
Journal Article
Goldberg, A. J., Zaidi, R., Brooking, D., Kim, L., Korda, M., Masci, L., …Smith, R. K. W. (2018). Autologous Stem Cells in Achilles Tendinopathy (ASCAT): protocol for a phase IIA, single-centre, proof-of-concept study. BMJ Open, 8(5), https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021600

Arthroscopic treatment for cervical articular process joint osteochondrosis in a Thoroughbred horse (2018)
Journal Article
Tucker, R., Piercy, R. J., Dixon, J. J., Muir, C. F., Smith, K. C., Potter, K. E., …Smith, R. K. W. (2018). Arthroscopic treatment for cervical articular process joint osteochondrosis in a Thoroughbred horse. Equine Veterinary Education, 30(3), 116-121. https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.12610

A yearling Thoroughbred colt was presented for investigation of neck stiffness and episodes of intermittent neck pain without neurological signs. Osteochondrosis (OCD) of the cervical articular process joints (APJs) was diagnosed with the aid of radi... Read More about Arthroscopic treatment for cervical articular process joint osteochondrosis in a Thoroughbred horse.

Influence of commonly used pharmaceutical agents on equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell viability (2017)
Journal Article
Edmonds, R. E., Garvican, E. R., Smith, R. K. W., & Dudhia, J. (2017). Influence of commonly used pharmaceutical agents on equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell viability. Equine Veterinary Journal, 49(3), 352-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12590

ERRATUM TO: VIABILITY OF EQUINE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS DURING TRANSPORT AND IMPLANTATION (2016)
Journal Article
Garvican, E. R., Cree, S., Bull, L., Smith, R. K. W., & Dudhia, J. (2016). ERRATUM TO: VIABILITY OF EQUINE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS DURING TRANSPORT AND IMPLANTATION. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-016-0423-z

Exposure of a tendon extracellular matrix to synovial fluid triggers endogenous and engrafted cell death: A mechanism for failed healing of intrathecal tendon injuries (2016)
Journal Article
Garvican, E. R., Salavati, M., Smith, R. K. W., & Dudhia, J. (2016). Exposure of a tendon extracellular matrix to synovial fluid triggers endogenous and engrafted cell death: A mechanism for failed healing of intrathecal tendon injuries. Connective Tissue Research, 58(5), 438-446. https://doi.org/10.1080/03008207.2016.1245726

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of normal synovial fluid (SF) on exposed endogenous tendon-derived cells (TDC) and engrafted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within the tendon extracellular matrix. Methods: Explants from eq... Read More about Exposure of a tendon extracellular matrix to synovial fluid triggers endogenous and engrafted cell death: A mechanism for failed healing of intrathecal tendon injuries.

Modulation of mesenchymal stem cell genotype and phenotype by extracellular matrix proteins (2016)
Journal Article
Clements, L. E., Garvican, E. R., Dudhia, J., & Smith, R. K. W. (2016). Modulation of mesenchymal stem cell genotype and phenotype by extracellular matrix proteins. Connective Tissue Research, 57(6), 443-453. https://doi.org/10.1080/03008207.2016.1215442

Proteomic Analysis of Tendon Extracellular Matrix Reveals Disease Stage- specific Fragmentation and Differential Cleavage of COMP ( Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein) (2014)
Journal Article
Dakin, S. G., Smith, R. K. W., Heinegard, D., Onnerfjord, P., Khabut, A., & Dudhia, J. (2014). Proteomic Analysis of Tendon Extracellular Matrix Reveals Disease Stage- specific Fragmentation and Differential Cleavage of COMP ( Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(8), 4919-4927. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.511972

During inflammatory processes the extracellular matrix (ECM) is extensively remodeled, and many of the constituent components are released as proteolytically cleaved fragments. These degradative processes are better documented for inflammatory joint... Read More about Proteomic Analysis of Tendon Extracellular Matrix Reveals Disease Stage- specific Fragmentation and Differential Cleavage of COMP ( Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein).

Identifying optimal parameters for quantification of changes in pelvic movement symmetry as a response to diagnostic analgesia in the hindlimbs of horses (2014)
Journal Article
Pfau, T., Spicer-Jenkins, C., Smith, R. K. W., Bolt, D. M., Fiske-Jackson, A. R., & Witte, T. H. (2014). Identifying optimal parameters for quantification of changes in pelvic movement symmetry as a response to diagnostic analgesia in the hindlimbs of horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 46(6), 759-763. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12220

A preliminary study on the effect of wounding on transforming growth factor-ß1 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentrations in the skin of horses (2011)
Journal Article
Dart, A. J., Dart, C. M., Dudhia, J., Perkins, N., Canfield, P. J., & Smith, R. K. W. (2011). A preliminary study on the effect of wounding on transforming growth factor-ß1 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentrations in the skin of horses. Veterinary Surgery, 40(1), 59-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2010.00756.x

FATE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FOLLOWING DIFFERENT IN VIVO ADMINISTRATION ROUTES IN REPAIR OF TENDON INJURIES
Journal Article
Dudhia, J., Becerra, P., Valdes, M. A., Neves, F., Hartman, N. G., Fiske-Jackson, A. R., & Smith, R. W. K. FATE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FOLLOWING DIFFERENT IN VIVO ADMINISTRATION ROUTES IN REPAIR OF TENDON INJURIES. International Journal of Experimental Pathology, 92(6), A38-A38

The relationship between in vivo limb and in vitro tendon mechanics after injury: A potential novel clinical tool for monitoring tendon repair
Journal Article
Dakin, S. G., Jespers, K., Warner, S. M., O'Hara, L. K., Dudhia, J., Goodship, A. E., …Smith, R. K. W. The relationship between in vivo limb and in vitro tendon mechanics after injury: A potential novel clinical tool for monitoring tendon repair. Equine Veterinary Journal, 43(4), 418-423. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00303.x

SYNTHESIS VS. DEGRADATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN E(2): A COMPARISON OF GENE EXPRESSION IN NORMAL AND INJURED EQUINE TENDON
Journal Article
Dakin, S. G., Dudhia, J., Young, N. J., Clegg, P. D., & Smith, R. K. W. SYNTHESIS VS. DEGRADATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN E(2): A COMPARISON OF GENE EXPRESSION IN NORMAL AND INJURED EQUINE TENDON. International Journal of Experimental Pathology, 92(3), A19-A19

Mild exercise early in life produces changes in bone size and strength but not density in proximal phalangeal, third metacarpal and third carpal bones of foals
Journal Article
Firth, E. C., Rogers, C. W., Van Weeren, P. R., Barneveld, A., McIlwraith, C. W., Kawcak, C. E., …Smith, R. K. W. Mild exercise early in life produces changes in bone size and strength but not density in proximal phalangeal, third metacarpal and third carpal bones of foals. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.11.016