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A Large Impact of Obesity on the Disposition of Ivermectin, Moxidectin and Eprinomectin in a Canine Model: Relevance for COVID-19 Patients

Bousquet-Mélou, Alain; Lespine, Anne; Sutra, Jean-François; Bargues, Isabelle; Toutain, Pierre-Louis

Authors

Alain Bousquet-Mélou

Anne Lespine

Jean-François Sutra

Isabelle Bargues

Pierre-Louis Toutain



Contributors

Ludovic Pelligand
Contact Person

Abstract

Ivermectin (IVM) and moxidectin (MOX) are used extensively as parasiticides in veterinary medicine. Based on in vitro data, IVM has recently been proposed for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection, a condition for which obesity is a major risk factor. In patients, IVM dosage is based on total body weight and there are no recommendations to adjust dosage in obese patients. The objective of this study was to establish, in a canine model, the influence of obesity on the clearance and steady-state volume of distribution of IVM, MOX, and a third analog, eprinomectin (EPR). An experimental model of obesity in dogs was based on a high calorie diet. IVM, MOX, and EPR were administered intravenously, in combination, to a single group of dogs in two circumstances, during a control period and when body weight had been increased by 50%. In obese dogs, clearance, expressed in absolute values (L/day), was not modified for MOX but was reduced for IVM and EPR, compared to the initial control state. However, when scaled by body weight (L/day/kg), plasma clearance was reduced by 55, 42, and 63%, for IVM, MOX and EPR, respectively. In contrast, the steady-state volume of distribution was markedly increased, in absolute values (L), by obesity. For IVM and MOX, this obese dog model suggests that the maintenance doses in the obese subject should be based on lean body weight rather than total weight. On the other hand, the loading dose, when required, should be based on the total body weight of the obese subject.

Citation

Bousquet-Mélou, A., Lespine, A., Sutra, J., Bargues, I., & Toutain, P. (2021). A Large Impact of Obesity on the Disposition of Ivermectin, Moxidectin and Eprinomectin in a Canine Model: Relevance for COVID-19 Patients. Frontiers in Pharmacology, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.666348

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date May 5, 2021
Publication Date May 20, 2021
Deposit Date Jun 15, 2021
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Frontiers in Pharmacology
Publisher Frontiers Media
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.666348
Keywords ivermectin; moxidectin; obesity; dosage regimen; canine model; pharmacokinetics; COVID-19
Public URL https://rvc-repository.worktribe.com/output/1549003

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