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Like a hole in the head: Development, evolutionary implications and diseases of the cranial foramina (2018)
Journal Article
McGonnell, I. M., & Akbareian, S. E. (2018). Like a hole in the head: Development, evolutionary implications and diseases of the cranial foramina. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.08.011

Cranial foramina are holes in the skull through which nerves and blood vessels pass to reach both deep and superficial tissues. They are often overlooked in the literature; however they are complex structures that form within the developing cranial b... Read More about Like a hole in the head: Development, evolutionary implications and diseases of the cranial foramina.

Evolution of hindlimb muscle anatomy across the tetrapod water-to-land transition, including comparisons with forelimb anatomy (2018)
Journal Article
Molnar, J. L., Diogo, R., Hutchinson, J. R., & Pierce, S. E. (2018). Evolution of hindlimb muscle anatomy across the tetrapod water-to-land transition, including comparisons with forelimb anatomy. https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.23997

Tetrapod limbs are a key innovation implicated in the evolutionary success of the clade. Although musculoskeletal evolution of the pectoral appendage across the fins‐to‐limbs transition is fairly well documented, that of the pelvic appendage is much... Read More about Evolution of hindlimb muscle anatomy across the tetrapod water-to-land transition, including comparisons with forelimb anatomy.

Remarkable muscles, remarkable locomotion in desert-dwelling wildebeest (2018)
Journal Article
Curtin, N. A., Bartlam-Brooks, H. L. A., Hubel, T. Y., Lowe, J. C., Gardner-Medwin, A. R., Bennitt, M., …Wilson, A. M. (2018). Remarkable muscles, remarkable locomotion in desert-dwelling wildebeest. Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0602-4

Large mammals that live in arid and/or desert environments can cope with seasonal and local variations in rainfall, food and climate1 by moving long distances, often without reliable water or food en route. The capacity of an animal for this long-dis... Read More about Remarkable muscles, remarkable locomotion in desert-dwelling wildebeest.

Integrating morphology and in vivo skeletal mobility with digital models to infer function in brittle star arms (2018)
Journal Article
Clark, E. G., Hutchinson, J. R., Darroch, S. A. F., Mongiardino Koch, N., Bady, T. R., Smith, S. A., & Briggs, D. E. G. (2018). Integrating morphology and in vivo skeletal mobility with digital models to infer function in brittle star arms. Journal of Anatomy, 233(6), 696-714. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12887

Brittle stars (Phylum Echinodermata, Class Ophiuroidea) have evolved rapid locomotion employing muscle and skeletal elements within their (usually) five arms to apply forces in a manner analogous to that of vertebrates. Inferring the inner workings o... Read More about Integrating morphology and in vivo skeletal mobility with digital models to infer function in brittle star arms.

"Of Mice and Measures": A Project to Improve How We Advance Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Therapies to the Clinic (2018)
Journal Article
Gordish-Dressman, H., Willmann, R., Dalle Pazze, L., Kreibich, A., van Putten, M., Heydemann, A., …Aartsma-Rus, A. (2018). "Of Mice and Measures": A Project to Improve How We Advance Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Therapies to the Clinic. Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases, 5(4), 407-414. https://doi.org/10.3233/JND-180324

A new line of dystrophic mdx mice on the DBA/2J (D2) background has emerged as a candidate to study the efficacy of therapeutic approaches for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). These mice harbor genetic polymorphisms that appear to increase the seve... Read More about "Of Mice and Measures": A Project to Improve How We Advance Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Therapies to the Clinic.

Building a Bird: Musculoskeletal Modeling and Simulation of Wing-Assisted Incline Running during Avian Ontogeny (2018)
Journal Article
Heers, A. M., Rankin, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. R. (2018). Building a Bird: Musculoskeletal Modeling and Simulation of Wing-Assisted Incline Running during Avian Ontogeny. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 6(140), https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2018.00140

Flapping flight is the most power-demanding mode of locomotion, associated with a suite of anatomical specializations in extant adult birds. In contrast, many developing birds use their forelimbs to negotiate environments long before acquiring “fligh... Read More about Building a Bird: Musculoskeletal Modeling and Simulation of Wing-Assisted Incline Running during Avian Ontogeny.

Chromosome Level Genome Assembly and Comparative Genomics between Three Falcon Species Reveals an Unusual Pattern of Genome Organisation (2018)
Journal Article
Joseph, S., O'Connor, R. E., Al Mutery, A., Watson, M., Larkin, D. M., & Griffin, D. (2018). Chromosome Level Genome Assembly and Comparative Genomics between Three Falcon Species Reveals an Unusual Pattern of Genome Organisation. Diversity, 10(4), 113. https://doi.org/10.3390/d10040113

Whole genome assemblies are crucial for understanding a wide range of aspects of falcon biology, including morphology, ecology, and physiology, and are thus essential for their care and conservation. A key aspect of the genome of any species is its k... Read More about Chromosome Level Genome Assembly and Comparative Genomics between Three Falcon Species Reveals an Unusual Pattern of Genome Organisation.

Survival after diagnosis of hypertension in cats attending primary care practice in the UK (2018)
Journal Article
Chang, Y. M., Brodbelt, D. C., Elliott, J., & Conroy, M. C. (2018). Survival after diagnosis of hypertension in cats attending primary care practice in the UK. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 32(6), 1846-1855. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15307

Background: Hypertension is common in older cats. There is limited evidence for predictors of survival after diagnosis. Hypothesis/Objectives: Investigate blood pressure assessment (BPA) and hypertension diagnosis in cats attending UK primary care... Read More about Survival after diagnosis of hypertension in cats attending primary care practice in the UK.

Gene editing restores dystrophin expression in a canine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2018)
Journal Article
Amoasii, L., Hildyard, J. C. W., Li, H., Sanchez-Ortiz, E., Mireault, A., Caballero, D., …Olson, E. N. (2018). Gene editing restores dystrophin expression in a canine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Science, 362(6410), 86-91. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau1549

Mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin, a protein that maintains muscle integrity and function, cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The deltaE50-MD dog model of DMD harbors a mutation corresponding to a mutational “hotspot” in the human DMD g... Read More about Gene editing restores dystrophin expression in a canine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Neuroprotective exendin-4 enhances hypothermia therapy in a model of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (2018)
Journal Article
Rocha-Ferreira, E., Poupon, L., Zelco, A., Leverin, A. L., Nair, S., Jonsdotter, A., …Rahim, A. A. (2018). Neuroprotective exendin-4 enhances hypothermia therapy in a model of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. Brain, 141(10), 2925-2942. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awy220

Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy remains a global health burden. Despite medical advances and treatment with therapeutic hypothermia, over 50% of cooled infants are not protected and still develop lifelong neurodisabilities, including cerebral palsy.... Read More about Neuroprotective exendin-4 enhances hypothermia therapy in a model of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.

Simulation of muscle-powered jumping with hardware-in-the-loop ground interaction (2018)
Journal Article
Eberhard, E. A., & Richards, C. T. (2018). Simulation of muscle-powered jumping with hardware-in-the-loop ground interaction. https://doi.org/10.1109/AIM.2018.8452298

We developed a novel reverse haptic interface to augment forward dynamic simulations with real-world contact forces. In contrast with traditional haptics, in which a realworld user drives an interaction with a simulated environment, reverse haptics a... Read More about Simulation of muscle-powered jumping with hardware-in-the-loop ground interaction.

Common Traits Spark the Mitophagy/Xenophagy Interplay (2018)
Journal Article
Singh, A., Kendall, S. L., & Campanella, M. (2018). Common Traits Spark the Mitophagy/Xenophagy Interplay. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01172

Selective autophagy contributes to the wellbeing of eukaryotic cells by recycling cellular components, disposing damaged organelles, and removing pathogens, amongst others. Both the quality control process of selective mitochondrial autophagy (Mitoph... Read More about Common Traits Spark the Mitophagy/Xenophagy Interplay.

The scaling or ontogeny of human gait kinetics and walk-run transition: The implications of work vs. peak power minimization (2018)
Journal Article
Usherwood, J. R., Hubel, T. Y., Smith, B. J. H., Self Davies, Z. T., & Sobota, G. (2018). The scaling or ontogeny of human gait kinetics and walk-run transition: The implications of work vs. peak power minimization. Journal of Biomechanics, 81, 12-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.09.004

A simple model is developed to find vertical force profiles and stance durations that minimize either limb mechanical work or peak power demands during bipedal locomotion. The model predicts that work minimization is achieved with a symmetrical verti... Read More about The scaling or ontogeny of human gait kinetics and walk-run transition: The implications of work vs. peak power minimization.

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) Inhibition of Interferon-γ-Mediated Gene Expression in Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro (2018)
Journal Article
Day, A., Jameson, Z., Hyde, C., Simbi, B. H., Fowkes, R. C., & Lawson, C. (2018). C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) Inhibition of Interferon-γ-Mediated Gene Expression in Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro. Biosensors, 8(3), https://doi.org/10.3390/bios8030086

Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, now account for more deaths in the Western world than from any other cause. Atherosclerosis has a chronic inflammatory component involving Th1 pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, which is know... Read More about C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) Inhibition of Interferon-γ-Mediated Gene Expression in Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro.

HUWE1 E3 ligase promotes PINK1/PARKINindependent mitophagy by regulating AMBRA1 activation via IKKa (2018)
Journal Article
Di Rita, A., Peschiaroli, A., D'Acunzo, P., Strobbe, D., Hu, Z., Gruber, J., …Cecconi, F. (2018). HUWE1 E3 ligase promotes PINK1/PARKINindependent mitophagy by regulating AMBRA1 activation via IKKa. Nature Communications, 9(3755), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05722-3

The selective removal of undesired or damaged mitochondria by autophagy, known as mitophagy, is crucial for cellular homoeostasis, and prevents tumour diffusion, neurodegeneration and ageing. The pro-autophagic molecule AMBRA1 (autophagy/beclin-1 reg... Read More about HUWE1 E3 ligase promotes PINK1/PARKINindependent mitophagy by regulating AMBRA1 activation via IKKa.

The dynamic role of the ilio-sacral joint in jumping frogs (2018)
Journal Article
Richards, C. T., Eberhard, E. A., & Collings, A. J. (2018). The dynamic role of the ilio-sacral joint in jumping frogs. Biology Letters, 14(9), https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0367

A striking feature among jumping frogs is a sharp pelvic bend about the ilio-sacral (IS) joint, unique to anurans. Although this sagittal plane hinge has been interpreted as crucial for the evolution of jumping, its mechanical contribution has not be... Read More about The dynamic role of the ilio-sacral joint in jumping frogs.