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The mechanism for efficacy of eccentric loading in Achilles tendon injury; an in vivo study in humans
Journal Article
Rees, J. D., Lichtwark, G. A., Wolman, R. L., & Wilson, A. M. The mechanism for efficacy of eccentric loading in Achilles tendon injury; an in vivo study in humans. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/ken262

Objective. Degenerative disorders of tendons present an enormous clinical challenge. They are extremely common, prone to recur and existing medical and surgical treatments are generally unsatisfactory. Recently eccentric, but not concentric, exercise... Read More about The mechanism for efficacy of eccentric loading in Achilles tendon injury; an in vivo study in humans.

The movements of limb segments and joints during locomotion in African and Asian elephants
Journal Article
Ren, L., Butler, M., Miller, C. E., Paxton, H. P., Schwerda, D., Fischer, M. S., & Hutchinson, J. R. The movements of limb segments and joints during locomotion in African and Asian elephants. Journal of Experimental Biology, 211(17), 2735-2751. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.018820

As the largest extant terrestrial animals, elephants do not trot or gallop but can move smoothly to faster speeds without markedly changing their kinematics, yet with a shift from vaulting to bouncing kinetics. To understand this unusual mechanism, w... Read More about The movements of limb segments and joints during locomotion in African and Asian elephants.

The three-dimensional locomotor dynamics of African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) elephants reveal a smooth gait transition at moderate speed
Journal Article
Ren, L., & Hutchinson, J. R. The three-dimensional locomotor dynamics of African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) elephants reveal a smooth gait transition at moderate speed. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2007.1095

We examined whether elephants shift to using bouncing (i.e. running) mechanics at any speed. To do this, we measured the three-dimensional centre of mass (CM) motions and torso rotations of African and Asian elephants using a novel multisensor method... Read More about The three-dimensional locomotor dynamics of African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) elephants reveal a smooth gait transition at moderate speed.

Regionalisation of the muscle fascicle architecture in the equine longissimus dorsi muscle
Journal Article
Ritruechai, P., Weller, R., & Wakeling, J. M. Regionalisation of the muscle fascicle architecture in the equine longissimus dorsi muscle. Equine Veterinary Journal, 40(3), 246-251. https://doi.org/10.2746/042516408x273675

Reasons for performing study: The longissimus dorsi is the largest muscle in the equine back and plays an important role in locomotor ability and performance in the horse. In vivo studies suggest that the mechanical function varies between different... Read More about Regionalisation of the muscle fascicle architecture in the equine longissimus dorsi muscle.

Evaluation of a new strategy to modulate skeletal development in Thoroughbred performance horses by imposing track-based exercise during growth
Journal Article
Rogers, C. W., Firth, E. C., McIlwraitht, C. W., Barneveld, A., Goodship, A. E., Kawcak, C. E., Smith, R. K. W., & Van Weeren, P. R. Evaluation of a new strategy to modulate skeletal development in Thoroughbred performance horses by imposing track-based exercise during growth. Equine Veterinary Journal, 40(2), 111-118. https://doi.org/10.2746/042516408x268923

Reasons for performing study: No data exist on the intensity of exercise required or on possible harmful effects of increasing exercise in foals over the natural level when free at pasture.

Evaluation of a new strategy to modulate skeletal development in racehorses by imposing track-based exercise during growth: The effects on 2-and 3-year-old racing careers
Journal Article
Rogers, C. W., Firth, E. C., Mcilwraith, C. W., Barneveld, A., Goodship, A. E., Kawcak, C. E., Smith, R. K. W., & Van Weeren, P. R. Evaluation of a new strategy to modulate skeletal development in racehorses by imposing track-based exercise during growth: The effects on 2-and 3-year-old racing careers. Equine Veterinary Journal, 40(2), 119-127. https://doi.org/10.2746/042516408x266088

Reasons for performing study: No data exist on the effects of conditioning exercise at foal age on workload and subsequent clinical injury rate during their 2- and 3-year-old racing careers.

Thermally induced phenotypic plasticity of swimming performance in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax juveniles
Journal Article
Koumoundouros, G., Ashton, C., Sfakianakis, D. G., Divanach, P., Kentouri, M., Anthwal, N., & Stickland, N. C. Thermally induced phenotypic plasticity of swimming performance in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax juveniles. Journal of Fish Biology, 74(6), 1309-1322. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02206.x

The vulnerability of embryonic and larval stages of European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax to environmental temperature and the longer-term consequences for the early juveniles was demonstrated. This phenotypic plasticity was highlighted by subjectin... Read More about Thermally induced phenotypic plasticity of swimming performance in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax juveniles.

Intensity of activation and timing of deactivation modulate elastic energy storage and release in a pennate muscle and account for gait-specific initiation of limb protraction in the horse
Journal Article
Lichtwark, G. A., Watson, J. C., Mavrommatis, S., & Wilson, A. M. Intensity of activation and timing of deactivation modulate elastic energy storage and release in a pennate muscle and account for gait-specific initiation of limb protraction in the horse. Journal of Experimental Biology, 212(15), 2454-2463. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.027995

Increased Bone Mass, Altered Trabecular Architecture and Modified Growth Plate Organization in the Growing Skeleton of SOCS2 Deficient Mice
Journal Article
MacRae, V. E., Horvat, S., Pells, S. C., Dale, H., Collinson, R. S., Pitsillides, A. A., Ahmed, S. F., & Farquharson, C. Increased Bone Mass, Altered Trabecular Architecture and Modified Growth Plate Organization in the Growing Skeleton of SOCS2 Deficient Mice. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 218(2), 276-284. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.21593

Prevalence of equine polysaccharide storage myopathy and other myopathies in two equine populations in the United Kingdom
Journal Article
McGowan, C. M., McGowan, T. W., & Patterson-Kane, J. C. Prevalence of equine polysaccharide storage myopathy and other myopathies in two equine populations in the United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.01.008

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of equine polysaccharide storage myopathy (EPSM) in two populations of horses in the UK. Biopsy specimens from 94 horses presented to an abattoir (population 1), and 46 horses with neuromuscular d... Read More about Prevalence of equine polysaccharide storage myopathy and other myopathies in two equine populations in the United Kingdom.

MT1-MMP IN HUMAN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Miller, M. C., Manning, H. B., Jain, A., Troeberg, L., Dudhia, J., Essex, D., Sandison, A., Seiki, M., Nanchahal, J., Nagase, H., & Itoh, Y. MT1-MMP IN HUMAN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Evaluation of age-related changes in the structure of the equine tarsometatarsal osteochondral unit
Journal Article
Murray, R. C., Blunden, T. S., Branch, M. V., Tranquille, C. A., Dyson, S. J., Parkin, T. D. H., & Goodship, A. E. Evaluation of age-related changes in the structure of the equine tarsometatarsal osteochondral unit. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 70(1), 30-36

Objective-To investigate effects of age on thickness and morphologic characteristics of hyaline cartilage, calcified cartilage, total cartilage, and subchondral bone (SCB) in the equine tarsometatarsal joint. Sample Population-23 tarsal joints from c... Read More about Evaluation of age-related changes in the structure of the equine tarsometatarsal osteochondral unit.

Relocation of myosin and actin, kinesin and tubulin in the acrosome reaction of bovine spermatozoa
Journal Article
Oikonomopoulou, I., Patel, H., Watson, P. F., & Chantler, P. D. Relocation of myosin and actin, kinesin and tubulin in the acrosome reaction of bovine spermatozoa. https://doi.org/10.1071/RD8166

The mammalian acrosome reaction is a specialised exocytotic event. Although molecular motors are known to be involved in exocytosis in many cell types, their potential involvement in the acrosome reaction has remained unknown. Here, it has been shown... Read More about Relocation of myosin and actin, kinesin and tubulin in the acrosome reaction of bovine spermatozoa.