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Digital preparation and osteology of the skull of Lesothosaurus diagnosticus (Ornithischia: Dinosauria) (2015)
Journal Article
Porro, L. B., Witmer, L. M., & Barrett, P. M. (2015). Digital preparation and osteology of the skull of Lesothosaurus diagnosticus (Ornithischia: Dinosauria). https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1494

Several skulls of the ornithischian dinosaur Lesothosaurus diagnosticus (Lower Jurassic, southern Africa) are known, but all are either incomplete, deformed, or incompletely prepared. This has hampered attempts to provide a comprehensive description... Read More about Digital preparation and osteology of the skull of Lesothosaurus diagnosticus (Ornithischia: Dinosauria).

Social density processes regulate the functioning and performance of foraging human teams (2015)
Journal Article
King, A. J., Myatt, J. P., Fuertbauer, I., Oesch, N., Dunbar, R. I. M., Sumner, S., …Brown, M. R. (2015). Social density processes regulate the functioning and performance of foraging human teams. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep18260

Social density processes impact the activity and order of collective behaviours in a variety of biological systems. Much effort has been devoted to understanding how density of people affects collective human motion in the context of pedestrian flows... Read More about Social density processes regulate the functioning and performance of foraging human teams.

A CFD-informed quasi-steady model of flapping-wing aerodynamics (2015)
Journal Article
Nakata, T., Liu, H., & Bomphrey, R. J. (2015). A CFD-informed quasi-steady model of flapping-wing aerodynamics. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 783, 323-343. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.537

Aerodynamic performance and agility during flapping flight are determined by the combination of wing shape and kinematics. The degree of morphological and kinematic optimization is unknown and depends upon a large parameter space. Aimed at providing... Read More about A CFD-informed quasi-steady model of flapping-wing aerodynamics.

Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Denervated Laryngeal Muscle in a Large Animal Model (2015)
Journal Article
Cheetham, J., Perkins, J. D. M., Jarvis, J. C., Cercone, M., Maw, M., Hermanson, J. W., …Ducharme, N. G. (2015). Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Denervated Laryngeal Muscle in a Large Animal Model. Artificial Organs, 39(10), 876-885. https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.12624

Bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVCP) is a life‐threatening condition that follows injury to the Recurrent Laryngeal nerve (RLn) and denervation of the intrinsic laryngeal musculature. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) enables restoration and c... Read More about Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Denervated Laryngeal Muscle in a Large Animal Model.

The effect of aspect ratio on the leading-edge vortex over an insect-like flapping wing (2015)
Journal Article
Phillips, N., Knowles, K., & Bomphrey, R. J. (2015). The effect of aspect ratio on the leading-edge vortex over an insect-like flapping wing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/10/5/056020

Insect wing shapes are diverse and a renowned source of inspiration for the new generation of autonomous flapping vehicles, yet the aerodynamic consequences of varying geometry is not well understood. One of the most defining and aerodynamically sign... Read More about The effect of aspect ratio on the leading-edge vortex over an insect-like flapping wing.

Children and adults minimise activated muscle volume by selecting gait parameters that balance gross mechanical power and work demands (2015)
Journal Article
Hubel, T. Y., & Usherwood, J. R. (2015). Children and adults minimise activated muscle volume by selecting gait parameters that balance gross mechanical power and work demands. Journal of Experimental Biology, 218(PT 18), 2830-2839. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.122135

Terrestrial locomotion on legs is energetically expensive. Compared with cycling, or with locomotion in swimming or flying animals, walking and running are highly uneconomical. Legged gaits that minimise mechanical work have previously been identifie... Read More about Children and adults minimise activated muscle volume by selecting gait parameters that balance gross mechanical power and work demands.

Skinned fibres produce the same power and force as intact fibre bundles from muscle of wild rabbits (2015)
Journal Article
Curtin, N. A., Diack, R. A., West, T. G., Wilson, A. M., & Woledge, R. C. (2015). Skinned fibres produce the same power and force as intact fibre bundles from muscle of wild rabbits. Journal of Experimental Biology, 218, 2856-2863. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.121897

Skinned fibres have advantages for comparing the muscle properties of different animal species because they can be prepared from a needle biopsy taken under field conditions. However, it is not clear how well the contractile properties of skinned fib... Read More about Skinned fibres produce the same power and force as intact fibre bundles from muscle of wild rabbits.

Lessons from integrating behaviour and resource selection: activity-specific responses of African wild dogs to roads (2015)
Journal Article
Abrahms, B., Jordan, N. R., Golabek, K. A., McNutt, J. W., Wilson, A. M., & Brashares, J. S. (2015). Lessons from integrating behaviour and resource selection: activity-specific responses of African wild dogs to roads. Animal Conservation, 19, 247-255. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12235

Understanding how anthropogenic features affect species' abilities to move within landscapes is essential to conservation planning and requires accurate assessment of resource selection for movement by focal species. Yet, the extent to which an indiv... Read More about Lessons from integrating behaviour and resource selection: activity-specific responses of African wild dogs to roads.

Identification of mouse gaits using a novel force-sensing exercise wheel (2015)
Journal Article
Smith, B. J. H., Cullingford, L., & Usherwood, J. R. (2015). Identification of mouse gaits using a novel force-sensing exercise wheel. Journal of Applied Physiology, 119(6), 704-718. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01014.2014

The gaits that animals use can provide information on neurological and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as the biomechanics of locomotion. Mice are a common research model in many fields; however, there is no consensus in the literature on how (and... Read More about Identification of mouse gaits using a novel force-sensing exercise wheel.

FHL1 activates myostatin signalling in skeletal muscle and promotes atrophy (2015)
Journal Article
Lee, J. Y., Lori, D., Wells, D. J., & Kemp, P. R. (2015). FHL1 activates myostatin signalling in skeletal muscle and promotes atrophy. FEBS Open Bio, 5, 753-762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fob.2015.08.011

Myostatin is a TGFβ family ligand that reduces muscle mass. In cancer cells, TGFβ signalling is increased by the protein FHL1. Consequently, FHL1 may promote signalling by myostatin. We therefore tested the ability of FHL1 to regulate myostatin funct... Read More about FHL1 activates myostatin signalling in skeletal muscle and promotes atrophy.

Predicting cortical bone adaptation to axial loading in the mouse tibia (2015)
Journal Article
Pereira, A. F., Javaheri, B., Pitsillides, A. A., & Shefelbine, S. J. (2015). Predicting cortical bone adaptation to axial loading in the mouse tibia. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2015.0590

The development of predictive mathematical models can contribute to a deeper understanding of the specific stages of bone mechanobiology and the process by which bone adapts to mechanical forces. The objective of this work was to predict, with spatia... Read More about Predicting cortical bone adaptation to axial loading in the mouse tibia.

Chronic administration of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists improves trabecular bone mass and architecture in ovariectomised mice (2015)
Journal Article
Pereira, M., Jeyabalan, J., Jorgensen, C. S., Hopkinson, M., Al-Jazzar, A., Roux, J. P., …Chenu, C. (2015). Chronic administration of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists improves trabecular bone mass and architecture in ovariectomised mice. BONE, 81, 459-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2015.08.006

Some anti-diabetic therapies can have adverse effects on bone health and increase fracture risk. In this study, we tested the skeletal effects of chronic administration of two Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), increasingly used for... Read More about Chronic administration of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists improves trabecular bone mass and architecture in ovariectomised mice.

Acidosis Is a Key Regulator of Osteoblast Ecto-Nucleotidase Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) Expression and Activity (2015)
Journal Article
Orriss, I. R., Key, M. L., Hajjawi, M. O. R., Millan, J. L., & Arnett, T. R. (2015). Acidosis Is a Key Regulator of Osteoblast Ecto-Nucleotidase Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) Expression and Activity. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 230(12), 3049-3056. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.25041

Previous work has shown that acidosis prevents bone nodule formation by osteoblasts in vitro by inhibiting mineralisation of the collagenous matrix. The ratio of phosphate (Pi) to pyrophosphate (PPi) in the bone microenvironment is a fundamental regu... Read More about Acidosis Is a Key Regulator of Osteoblast Ecto-Nucleotidase Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) Expression and Activity.

Second tectofugal pathway in a songbird (Taeniopygia guttata) revisited: Tectal and lateral pontine projections to the posterior thalamus, thence to the intermediate nidopallium (2015)
Journal Article
Wild, J. M., & Gaede, A. H. (2015). Second tectofugal pathway in a songbird (Taeniopygia guttata) revisited: Tectal and lateral pontine projections to the posterior thalamus, thence to the intermediate nidopallium. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 524(5), 963-985

Birds are almost always said to have two visual pathways from the retina to the telencephalon: thalamofugal terminating in the Wulst, and tectofugal terminating in the entopallium. Often ignored is a second tectofugal pathway that terminates in the n... Read More about Second tectofugal pathway in a songbird (Taeniopygia guttata) revisited: Tectal and lateral pontine projections to the posterior thalamus, thence to the intermediate nidopallium.

Familial cardiomyopathy in Norwegian Forest cats (2015)
Journal Article
Maerz, I., Wilkie, L. J., Harrington, N., Payne, J. R., Muzzi, R. A. L., Haggstrom, J., …Fuentes, V. L. (2015). Familial cardiomyopathy in Norwegian Forest cats. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 17(8), 681-91. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X14553686

Norwegian Forest cats (NFCs) are often listed as a breed predisposed to cardiomyopathy, but the characteristics of cardiomyopathy in this breed have not been described. The aim of this preliminary study was to report the features of NFC cardiomyopath... Read More about Familial cardiomyopathy in Norwegian Forest cats.

Phospho1 deficiency transiently modifies bone architecture yet produces consistent modification in osteocyte differentiation and vascular porosity with ageing (2015)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., Carriero, A., Staines, K. A., Chang, Y. M., Houston, D. A., Oldknow, K. J., …Pitsillides, A. A. (2015). Phospho1 deficiency transiently modifies bone architecture yet produces consistent modification in osteocyte differentiation and vascular porosity with ageing. BONE, 81, 277-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2015.07.035

PHOSPHO1 is one of principal proteins involved in initiating bone matrix mineralisation. Recent studies have found that Phospho1 KO mice (Phospho1-R74X) display multiple skeletal abnormalities with spontaneous fractures, bowed long bones, osteomalaci... Read More about Phospho1 deficiency transiently modifies bone architecture yet produces consistent modification in osteocyte differentiation and vascular porosity with ageing.