Breaking the Cycle, Cholesterol Cycling, and Synapse Damage in Response to Amyloid-ß

Bate, C

Abstract

Soluble amyloid-? (A?) oligomers, a key driver of pathogenesis in Alzheimer disease, bind to cellular prion proteins (PrPC) expressed on synaptosomes resulting in increased cholesterol concentrations, movement of cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) to lipid rafts and activation of cPLA2. The formation of A?-PrPC-cPLA2 complexes was controlled by the cholesterol ester cycle. Thus, A? activated cholesterol ester hydrolases which released cholesterol from stores of cholesterol esters; the increased cholesterol concentrations stabilised A?-PrPC-cPLA2 complexes. Conversely, cholesterol esterification reduced cholesterol concentrations causing the dispersal of A?-PrPC-cPLA2. In cultured neurons, the cholesterol ester cycle regulated A?-induced synapse damage; inhibition of cholesterol ester hydrolases protected neurons, whereas inhibition of cholesterol esterification increased the A?-induced synapse damage. Here, I speculate that a failure to deactivate signalling pathways can lead to pathology. Consequently, the esterification of cholesterol is a key factor in the dispersal of A?-induced signalling platforms and synapse degeneration.

Citation

Bate, C. (2017). Breaking the Cycle, Cholesterol Cycling, and Synapse Damage in Response to Amyloid-ß. Journal of Experimental Neuroscience, 11, https://doi.org/10.1177/1179069517733096

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 1, 2017
• Publication Date: Dec 6, 2017
• Deposit Date: Jan 25, 2018
• Publicly Available Date: Nov 21, 2020
• Journal: Journal of Experimental Neuroscience
• Publisher: SAGE Publications
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 11
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1179069517733096
• Public URL: https://rvc-repository.worktribe.com/output/1389863