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Studying the heterogeneous pathogenesis of canine diabetes: Observational characterization of an island population

Brito-Casillas, Y; Melian, C; Holder, A; Wiebe, JC; Navarro, A; Quesada-Canales, O; Exposito-Montesdeoca, AB; Catchpole, B; Wagner, AM

Authors

Y Brito-Casillas

C Melian

A Holder

JC Wiebe

A Navarro

O Quesada-Canales

AB Exposito-Montesdeoca

B Catchpole

AM Wagner



Abstract

Background: Canine diabetes mellitus has mostly been studied in northern European, Australian and American populations, whereas other regions have received less attention. Objectives: We evaluated the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological features of diabetic dogs in Gran Canaria, Spain. Methods: Prevalence and incidence were estimated. Clinical features were analysed, and serum and genomic DNA were obtained. Dogs with presumed idiopathic or immune-mediated diabetes, were DLA-typed and antibodies against GAD65 and IA-2 were assessed. Pancreases from ten diabetic dogs were examined and compared with pancreases from non-diabetic dogs. Results and conclusions: Twenty-nine diabetic dogs were identified in a population of 5,213 (prevalence: 0.56%; incidence: 0.37%). Most were female (79%) and sexually intact (87% of females, 83% of males). Diabetes secondary to dioestrus (55.2%) and insulin-deficient diabetes (20.7%) were the most frequent types. Antibodies against GAD65 and IA-2 were identified in two out of five cases and DLA-genotyping revealed novel haplotypes. Breed distribution differed between diabetic and non-diabetic dogs. Reduced number of pancreatic islets and beta-cell mass were observed, with vacuolation of islet cells and ductal epithelium. In this population, where neutering is not standard practice, diabetes secondary to dioestrus is the most frequent diabetes subtype. Genetic susceptibility also differed from previous studies. These results support the heterogeneous pathogenesis of canine diabetes.

Citation

Brito-Casillas, Y., Melian, C., Holder, A., Wiebe, J., Navarro, A., Quesada-Canales, O., Exposito-Montesdeoca, A., Catchpole, B., & Wagner, A. (2021). Studying the heterogeneous pathogenesis of canine diabetes: Observational characterization of an island population. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 7(4), 1071-1081. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.452

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Feb 22, 2021
Publication Date 2021
Deposit Date Dec 23, 2021
Publicly Available Date Dec 23, 2021
Electronic ISSN 2053-1095
Publisher Wiley Open Access
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 7
Issue 4
Pages 1071-1081
DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.452
Keywords autoimmune diabetes; diabetes secondary to dioestrus; pancreas; spontaneous diabetes
Public URL https://rvc-repository.worktribe.com/output/1553545

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