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Regional diversity in the murine cortical vascular network is revealed by synchrotron X-ray tomography and is amplified with age (2018)
Journal Article
Núñez, J. A., Goring, A., Javaheri, B., Razi, H., Gomez-Nicola, D., Pitsillides, A. A., Thurner, P. J., Gomez-Nicola, D., Schneider, P., & Clarkin, C. E. (2018). Regional diversity in the murine cortical vascular network is revealed by synchrotron X-ray tomography and is amplified with age. https://doi.org/10.22203/eCM.v035a20

Cortical bone is permeated by a system of pores, occupied by the blood supply and osteocytes. With ageing, bone mass reduction and disruption of the microstructure are associated with reduced vascular supply. Insight into the regulation of the blood... Read More about Regional diversity in the murine cortical vascular network is revealed by synchrotron X-ray tomography and is amplified with age.

Transient peak-strain matching partially recovers the age-impaired mechanoadaptive cortical bone response (2018)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., Carriero, A., Wood, M., De Souza, R., Lee, P. D., Shefelbine, S., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2018). Transient peak-strain matching partially recovers the age-impaired mechanoadaptive cortical bone response. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25084-6

Mechanoadaptation maintains bone mass and architecture; its failure underlies age-related decline in bone strength. It is unclear whether this is due to failure of osteocytes to sense strain, osteoblasts to form bone or insufficient mechanical stimul... Read More about Transient peak-strain matching partially recovers the age-impaired mechanoadaptive cortical bone response.

Sexually dimorphic tibia shape is linked to natural osteoarthritis in STR/Ort mice (2018)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., Razi, H., Piles, M., De Souza, R., Chang, Y. M., Maric-Mur, I., Hopkinson, M., Lee, P. D., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2018). Sexually dimorphic tibia shape is linked to natural osteoarthritis in STR/Ort mice. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 26(6), 807-817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2018.03.008

Human osteoarthritis (OA) is detected only at late stages. Male STR/Ort mice develop knee OA spontaneously with known longitudinal trajectory, offering scope to identify OA predisposing factors. We exploit the lack of overt OA in female STR/Ort and i... Read More about Sexually dimorphic tibia shape is linked to natural osteoarthritis in STR/Ort mice.

Spatial relationship between bone formation and mechanical stimulus within cortical bone: Combining 3D fluorochrome mapping and poroelastic finite element modelling (2018)
Journal Article
Carriero, A., Pereira, A. F., Wilson, A. J., Castagno, S., Javaheri, B., Pitsillides, A. A., Marenzana, M., & Shefelbine, S. J. (2018). Spatial relationship between bone formation and mechanical stimulus within cortical bone: Combining 3D fluorochrome mapping and poroelastic finite element modelling. Bone Reports, 8, 72-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2018.02.003

Bone is a dynamic tissue and adapts its architecture in response to biological and mechanical factors. Here we investigate how cortical bone formation is spatially controlled by the local mechanical environment in the murine tibia axial loading model... Read More about Spatial relationship between bone formation and mechanical stimulus within cortical bone: Combining 3D fluorochrome mapping and poroelastic finite element modelling.

FGF-2 promotes osteocyte differentiation through increased E11/podoplanin expression (2018)
Journal Article
Ikpegbu, E., Basta, L., Clements, D. N., Fleming, R., Vincent, T. L., Buttle, D. J., Pitsillides, A. A., Staines, K. A., & Farquharson, C. (2018). FGF-2 promotes osteocyte differentiation through increased E11/podoplanin expression. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 233(7), 5334-5347. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.26345

E11/podoplanin is critical in the early stages of osteoblast-to-osteocyte transitions (osteocytogenesis), however, the upstream events which regulate E11 expression are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of FGF-2 on E11-mediate... Read More about FGF-2 promotes osteocyte differentiation through increased E11/podoplanin expression.

Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice (2017)
Journal Article
Mosey, H., Núñez, J. A., Goring, A., Clarkin, C. E., Staines, K. A., Lee, P. D., Pitsillides, A. A., & Javaheri, B. (2017). Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice. Frontiers in Materials, 4(27), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2017.00027

SCLEROSTIN (Sost) is expressed predominantly in osteocytes acting as a negative regulator of bone formation. In humans, mutations in the SOST gene lead to skeletal overgrowth and increased bone mineral density, suggesting that SCLEROSTIN is a key reg... Read More about Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice.

Stable sulforaphane protects against gait anomalies and modifies bone microarchitecture in the spontaneous STR/Ort model of osteoarthritis (2017)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., Poulet, B., Aljazzar, A., De Souza, R., Piles, M., Hopkinson, M., Shervill, E., Pollard, A. S., Chan, B., Chang, Y. M., Orriss, I., Lee, P., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2017). Stable sulforaphane protects against gait anomalies and modifies bone microarchitecture in the spontaneous STR/Ort model of osteoarthritis. BONE, 103, 308-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2017.07.028

Osteoarthritis (OA), affecting joints and bone, causes physical gait disability with huge socio-economic burden; treatment remains palliative. Roles for antioxidants in protecting against such chronic disorders have been examined previously. Sulforap... Read More about Stable sulforaphane protects against gait anomalies and modifies bone microarchitecture in the spontaneous STR/Ort model of osteoarthritis.

A distinctive patchy osteomalacia characterises Phospho1-deficient mice (2017)
Journal Article
Boyde, A., Staines, K. A., Javaheri, B., Millan, J. L., Pitsillides, A. A., & Farquharson, C. (2017). A distinctive patchy osteomalacia characterises Phospho1-deficient mice. Journal of Anatomy, 231(2), 293-308. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12628

The phosphatase PHOSPHO1 is involved in the initiation of biomineralisation. Bones in Phospho1 knockout (KO) mice show histological osteomalacia with frequent bowing of long bones and spontaneous fractures: they contain less mineral, with smaller min... Read More about A distinctive patchy osteomalacia characterises Phospho1-deficient mice.

Finite-element modelling of mechanobiological factors influencing sesamoid tissue morphology in the patellar tendon of an ostrich (2017)
Journal Article
Chadwick, K., Shefelbine, S. J., Pitsillides, A. A., & Hutchinson, J. R. (2017). Finite-element modelling of mechanobiological factors influencing sesamoid tissue morphology in the patellar tendon of an ostrich. Royal Society Open Science, 4(6), 170133. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170133

The appearance and shape of sesamoid bones within a tendon or ligament wrapping around a joint are understood to be influenced by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Ostriches (Struthio camelus) possess two sesamoid patellae (kneecaps), one of which... Read More about Finite-element modelling of mechanobiological factors influencing sesamoid tissue morphology in the patellar tendon of an ostrich.

Hypomorphic conditional deletion of E11/Podoplanin reveals a role in osteocyte dendrite elongation (2017)
Journal Article
Staines, K. A., Javaheri, B., Hohenstein, P., Fleming, R., Ikpegbu, E., Unger, E., Hopkinson, M., Buttle, D. J., Pitsillides, A. A., & Farquharson, C. (2017). Hypomorphic conditional deletion of E11/Podoplanin reveals a role in osteocyte dendrite elongation. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 232(11), 3006-3019. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.25999

The transmembrane glycoprotein E11/Podoplanin (Pdpn) has been implicated in the initial stages of osteocyte differentiation. However, its precise function and regulatory mechanisms are still unknown. Due to the known embryonic lethality induced by gl... Read More about Hypomorphic conditional deletion of E11/Podoplanin reveals a role in osteocyte dendrite elongation.

Detection of early osteogenic commitment in primary cells using Raman spectroscopy (2017)
Journal Article
Smith, S. J., Emery, R., Pitsillides, A. A., Clarkin, C. E., & Mahajan, S. (2017). Detection of early osteogenic commitment in primary cells using Raman spectroscopy. Analyst, 142(11), 1962-1973. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6AN02469F

Major challenges in the development of novel implant surfaces for artificial joints include osteoblast heterogeneity and the lack of a simple and sensitive in vitro assay to measure early osteogenic responses. Raman spectroscopy is a label-free, non-... Read More about Detection of early osteogenic commitment in primary cells using Raman spectroscopy.

The role of embryo movement in the development of the furcula (2017)
Journal Article
Pollard, A. S., Boyd, S., McGonnell, I. M., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2017). The role of embryo movement in the development of the furcula. Journal of Anatomy, 230(3), 435-443. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12571

The pectoral girdle is a complex structure which varies in its morphology between species. A major component in birds is the furcula, which can be considered equivalent to a fusion of the paired clavicles found in many mammals, and the single intercl... Read More about The role of embryo movement in the development of the furcula.

Limb proportions show developmental plasticity in response to embryo movement (2017)
Journal Article
Pollard, A. S., Charlton, B. G., Hutchinson, J. R., Gustafsson, T., McGonnell, I. M., Timmons, J. A., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2017). Limb proportions show developmental plasticity in response to embryo movement. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep41926

Animals have evolved limb proportions adapted to different environments, but it is not yet clear to what extent these proportions are directly influenced by the environment during prenatal development. The developing skeleton experiences mechanical l... Read More about Limb proportions show developmental plasticity in response to embryo movement.