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Genomic Surveillance of Yellow Fever Virus Epizootic in São Paulo, Brazil, 2016 – 2018 (2020)
Journal Article
Lauring, A. S., Hill, S. C., de Souza, R., Thézé, J., Claro, I., Aguiar, R. S., Abade, L., Santos, F. C. P., Cunha, M. S., Nogueira, J. S., Salles, F. C. S., Rocco, I. M., Maeda, A. Y., Vasami, F. G. S., du Plessis, L., Silveira, P. P., de Jesus, J. G., Quick, J., Fernandes, N. C. C. A., Guerra, J. M., …Faria, N. R. (2020). Genomic Surveillance of Yellow Fever Virus Epizootic in São Paulo, Brazil, 2016 – 2018. PLoS Pathogens, 16(8), e1008699. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008699

São Paulo, a densely inhabited state in southeast Brazil that contains the fourth most populated city in the world, recently experienced its largest yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in decades. YFV does not normally circulate extensively in São Paul... Read More about Genomic Surveillance of Yellow Fever Virus Epizootic in São Paulo, Brazil, 2016 – 2018.

Over-expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy (2020)
Journal Article
Bass, J. J., Nakhuda, A., Deane, C. S., Brook, M. S., Wilkinson, D. J., Phillips, B. E., Philp, A., Tarum, J., Kadi, F., Andersen, D., Garcia, A. M., Smith, K., Gallagher, I. J., Szewczyk, N. J., Cleasby, M. E., & Atherton, P. J. (2020). Over-expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Molecular Metabolism, 101059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101059

Objective
The Vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been positively associated with skeletal muscle mass, function and regeneration. Mechanistic studies have focused on the loss of the receptor, with in vivo whole-body knockout models demonstrating reduced m... Read More about Over-expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

Prognostic indicators of short-term outcome in dogs undergoing surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (2020)
Journal Article
Seneviratne, M., Kaye, B. M., & Ter Haar, G. (2020). Prognostic indicators of short-term outcome in dogs undergoing surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. Veterinary Record, vetrec-2019

Background The aims of this study were to assess the impact of epidemiological variables, severity of presurgical respiratory signs, diagnostic findings from pharyngeal and laryngeal examination using a new grading scheme and CT scan images, on posts... Read More about Prognostic indicators of short-term outcome in dogs undergoing surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome.

A Systems Analysis and Conceptual System Dynamics Model of the Livestock-derived Food System in South Africa: A Tool for Policy Guidance (2020)
Journal Article
Queenan, K., Sobratee, N., Davids, R., Mabhaudhi, T., Chimonyo, M., Slotow, R., Shankar, B., & Häsler, B. (2020). A Systems Analysis and Conceptual System Dynamics Model of the Livestock-derived Food System in South Africa: A Tool for Policy Guidance. https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2020.094.021

Global food production systems are currently under scrutiny, in particular the health, nutrition, and environmental impacts of livestock-derived food (LDF). Despite South Africa’s recent socio­economic transformation and increased per-capita LDF cons... Read More about A Systems Analysis and Conceptual System Dynamics Model of the Livestock-derived Food System in South Africa: A Tool for Policy Guidance.

Genetic diversity and risk factors for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance across human, animals and environmental compartments in East Africa: a review. (2020)
Journal Article
Katale, B. Z., Misinzo, G., Mshana, S. E., Chiyangi, H., Campino, S., Clark, T. G., Good, L., Rweyemamu, M. M., & Matee, M. I. (2020). Genetic diversity and risk factors for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance across human, animals and environmental compartments in East Africa: a review. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, 9(1), 127

BACKGROUND

The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) present a challenge to disease control in East Africa. Resistance to beta-lactams, which are by far the most used antibiotics worldwide and include the penicillins, cephalospori... Read More about Genetic diversity and risk factors for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance across human, animals and environmental compartments in East Africa: a review..

Genetic diversity and risk factors for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance across human, animals and environmental compartments in East Africa: a review (2020)
Journal Article
Katale, B., Misinzo, G., Mshana, S., Chiyangi, H., Campino, S., Clark, T., Good, L., Rweyemamu, M., & Matee, M. (2020). Genetic diversity and risk factors for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance across human, animals and environmental compartments in East Africa: a review. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, 9(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-020-00786-7

The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) present a challenge to disease control in East Africa. Resistance to beta-lactams, which are by far the most used antibiotics worldwide and include the penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactam... Read More about Genetic diversity and risk factors for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance across human, animals and environmental compartments in East Africa: a review.

What drives antimicrobial prescribing for companion animals? A mixed-methods study of UK veterinary clinics (2020)
Journal Article
Tompson, A. C., Chandler, C. I., Mateus, A. L., O’Neill, D. G., Chang, Y.-M., & Brodbelt, D. C. (2020). What drives antimicrobial prescribing for companion animals? A mixed-methods study of UK veterinary clinics. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 105117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105117

Antimicrobial use in companion animals is a largely overlooked contributor to the complex problem of antimicrobial resistance. Humans and companion animals share living spaces and some classes of antimicrobials, including those categorised as Highest... Read More about What drives antimicrobial prescribing for companion animals? A mixed-methods study of UK veterinary clinics.

Artificial mass loading disrupts stable social order in pigeon dominance hierarchies (2020)
Journal Article
Portugal, S. J., Usherwood, J. R., White, C. R., Sankey, D. W. E., & Wilson, A. M. (2020). Artificial mass loading disrupts stable social order in pigeon dominance hierarchies. Biology Letters, 16(8), 20200468

Dominance hierarchies confer benefits to group members by decreasing the incidences of physical conflict, but may result in certain lower ranked individuals consistently missing out on access to resources. Here, we report a linear dominance hierarchy... Read More about Artificial mass loading disrupts stable social order in pigeon dominance hierarchies.

Nudging in Animal Disease Control and Surveillance: A Qualitative Approach to Identify Strategies Used to Improve Compliance With Animal Health Policies (2020)
Journal Article
Garza, M., Ågren, E. C. C., & Lindberg, A. (2020). Nudging in Animal Disease Control and Surveillance: A Qualitative Approach to Identify Strategies Used to Improve Compliance With Animal Health Policies. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00383

Professionals from seven European countries were interviewed to identify strategies used in the surveillance and control of animal infections to influence behaviors such as program enrollment, adoption of biosecurity measures, and engagement in surve... Read More about Nudging in Animal Disease Control and Surveillance: A Qualitative Approach to Identify Strategies Used to Improve Compliance With Animal Health Policies.

What are the barriers to implementing national antimicrobial resistance action plans? A novel mixed-methods policy analysis in Pakistan (2020)
Journal Article
Khan, M. S., Durrance-Bagale, A., Mateus, A., Sultana, Z., Hasan, R., & Hanefeld, J. (2020). What are the barriers to implementing national antimicrobial resistance action plans? A novel mixed-methods policy analysis in Pakistan. Health Policy and Planning,

Despite political commitment to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR), countries are facing challenges to implementing policies to reduce inappropriate use of antibiotics. Critical factors to the success of policy implementation in low- and middle-i... Read More about What are the barriers to implementing national antimicrobial resistance action plans? A novel mixed-methods policy analysis in Pakistan.

Is there a link between bacteriuria and a reversible encephalopathy in dogs and cats? (2020)
Journal Article
Crawford, A. (2020). Is there a link between bacteriuria and a reversible encephalopathy in dogs and cats?. Journal of Small Animal Practice, https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13178

Bacteriuria has been associated with abnormal neurological status in humans, particularly the geriatric population. In this report, we review 11 cases (7 dogs and 4 cats) that support an association between bacteriuria and abnormal neurological statu... Read More about Is there a link between bacteriuria and a reversible encephalopathy in dogs and cats?.

The molecular anatomy and functions of the choroid plexus in healthy and diseased brain (2020)
Journal Article
Kratzer, I., Ek, J., & Stolp, H. (2020). The molecular anatomy and functions of the choroid plexus in healthy and diseased brain. BBA - Biomembranes, 1862(11), 183430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183430

The choroid plexus (CP) is located in the ventricular system of the brain (one in each ventricle), and the CP epithelial cells form an important barrier between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Their main function comprises CSF secretion,... Read More about The molecular anatomy and functions of the choroid plexus in healthy and diseased brain.

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for aerobic bacteria isolated from reptilian samples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory: 129 cases (2005–2016) (2020)
Journal Article
Tang, P. K., Divers, S. J., & Sanchez, S. (2020). Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for aerobic bacteria isolated from reptilian samples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory: 129 cases (2005–2016). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 257(3), 305-312. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.257.3.305

OBJECTIVE
To identify antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for aerobic bacteria isolated from reptilian samples and, from those patterns, identify antimicrobials that could be considered for empirical treatment of reptiles with suspected bacte- ria... Read More about Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for aerobic bacteria isolated from reptilian samples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory: 129 cases (2005–2016).

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil (2020)
Journal Article
de Souza, W. M., Buss, L. F., Candido, D. A., Carrera, J. P., Li, S., Zarebski, A. E., Pereira, R. H. M., Prete, C. A., de Souza-Santos, A. A., Parag, K. V., Belotti, M. C. T. D., Vincenti-Gonzalez, M. F., Messina, J., da Silva Sales, F. C., Andrade, P. S., Nascimento, V. H., Ghilardi, F., Abade, L., Gutierrez, B., Kraemer, M. U. G., …Faria, N. R. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(8), 856-865

The first case of COVID-19 was detected in Brazil on 25 February 2020. We report and contextualize epidemiological, demographic and clinical findings for COVID-19 cases during the first 3 months of the epidemic. By 31 May 2020, 514,200 COVID-19 cases... Read More about Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil.

Cas13b-dependent and Cas13b-independent RNA knockdown of viral sequences in mosquito cells following guide RNA expression (2020)
Journal Article
Tng, P. Y. L., Carabajal Paladino, L., Verkuijl, S. A. N., Purcell, J., Merits, A., Leftwich, P. T., Fragkoudis, R., Noad, R., & Alphey, L. (2020). Cas13b-dependent and Cas13b-independent RNA knockdown of viral sequences in mosquito cells following guide RNA expression. Communications Biology, 3(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01142-6

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are vectors of the RNA viruses chikungunya (CHIKV) and dengue that currently have no specific therapeutic treatments. The
development of new methods to generate virus-refractory mosquitoes would be benef... Read More about Cas13b-dependent and Cas13b-independent RNA knockdown of viral sequences in mosquito cells following guide RNA expression.

In vitro Anticoccidial Study of Oregano and Garlic Essential Oils and Effects on Growth Performance, Fecal Oocyst Output, and Intestinal Microbiota in vivo (2020)
Journal Article
Sidiropoulou, E., Skoufos, I., Marugan-Hernandez, V., Giannenas, I., Bonos, E., Aguiar-Martins, K., Lazari, D., Blake, D., & Tzora, A. (2020). In vitro Anticoccidial Study of Oregano and Garlic Essential Oils and Effects on Growth Performance, Fecal Oocyst Output, and Intestinal Microbiota in vivo. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00420

This study investigated the in vitro effects of Greek oregano and garlic essential oils on inhibition of Eimeria parasites and their in vivo effects on production performance, intestinal bacteria counts, and oocyst output. An inhibition assay was per... Read More about In vitro Anticoccidial Study of Oregano and Garlic Essential Oils and Effects on Growth Performance, Fecal Oocyst Output, and Intestinal Microbiota in vivo.

Dogs Don’t Die Just in Hot Cars—Exertional Heat-Related Illness (Heatstroke) Is a Greater Threat to UK Dogs (2020)
Journal Article
Hall, E. J., Carter, A. J., & O’Neill, D. G. (2020). Dogs Don’t Die Just in Hot Cars—Exertional Heat-Related Illness (Heatstroke) Is a Greater Threat to UK Dogs. Animals, 10(8), 1324. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10081324

Heat-related illness will affect increasing numbers of dogs as global temperatures rise unless e↵ective mitigation strategies are implemented. This study aimed to identify the key triggers of heat-related illness in dogs and investigate canine risk f... Read More about Dogs Don’t Die Just in Hot Cars—Exertional Heat-Related Illness (Heatstroke) Is a Greater Threat to UK Dogs.

Treatment With Hydrolyzed Diet Supplemented With Prebiotics and Glycosaminoglycans Alters Lipid Metabolism in Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2020)
Journal Article
Lacombe, V. A., Capela, F., Silva, Allenspach, K., Ambrosini, Y. M., Neuber, S., Borcherding, D., Seo, Y.-J., Segarra, S., Glanemann, B., Garden, O. A., Müller, U., Gordian Adam, M., Dang, V., Borts, D., Atherly, T., Willette, A. A., Jergens, A., Mochel, J. P., & Allenspach, K. (2020). Treatment With Hydrolyzed Diet Supplemented With Prebiotics and Glycosaminoglycans Alters Lipid Metabolism in Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, -. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00451

Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, immunologically mediated intestinal disorder, resulting from the complex interaction of genetic, environmental and immune factors. Hydrolyzed diets are used in dogs with food-responsive diarrhea (... Read More about Treatment With Hydrolyzed Diet Supplemented With Prebiotics and Glycosaminoglycans Alters Lipid Metabolism in Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Dimethyl-2-oxoglutarate improves redox balance and mitochondrial function in muscle pericytes of individuals with diabetes mellitus (2020)
Journal Article
Faulkner, A., Tamiato, A., Cathery, W., Rampin, A., Caravaggi, C. M., Jover, E., Allen, S., Mellor, H., Hauton, D., Heather, L. C., Spinetti, G., & Madeddu, P. (2020). Dimethyl-2-oxoglutarate improves redox balance and mitochondrial function in muscle pericytes of individuals with diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia, 63(10), 2205-2217

Aims/hypothesis Treatment of vascular complications of diabetes remains inadequate. We reported that muscle pericytes (MPs) from limb muscles of vascular patients with diabetes mellitus display elevated levels of oxidative stress causing a dysfunctio... Read More about Dimethyl-2-oxoglutarate improves redox balance and mitochondrial function in muscle pericytes of individuals with diabetes mellitus.