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All Outputs (123)

Using step width to compare locomotor biomechanics between extinct, non-avian theropod dinosaurs and modern obligate bipeds (2017)
Journal Article
Bishop, P. J., Clemente, C. J., Weems, R. E., Graham, D. F., Lamas, L. P., Hutchinson, J. R., …Lloyd, D. G. (2017). Using step width to compare locomotor biomechanics between extinct, non-avian theropod dinosaurs and modern obligate bipeds. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0276

How extinct, non-avian theropod dinosaurs locomoted is a subject of considerable interest, as is the manner in which it evolved on the line leading to birds. Fossil footprints provide the most direct evidence for answering these questions. In this st... Read More about Using step width to compare locomotor biomechanics between extinct, non-avian theropod dinosaurs and modern obligate bipeds.

Gearing effects of the patella (knee extensor muscle sesamoid) of the helmeted guineafowl during terrestrial locomotion (2017)
Journal Article
Allen, V. R., Kambic, R. E., Gatesy, S. M., & Hutchinson, J. R. (2017). Gearing effects of the patella (knee extensor muscle sesamoid) of the helmeted guineafowl during terrestrial locomotion. Journal of Zoology, 303(3), 178-187. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12485

Human patellae (kneecaps) are thought to act as gears, altering the mechanical advantage of knee extensor muscles during running. Similar sesamoids have evolved in the knee extensor tendon independently in birds, but it is unknown if these also affec... Read More about Gearing effects of the patella (knee extensor muscle sesamoid) of the helmeted guineafowl during terrestrial locomotion.

Dynamics of direct inter-pack encounters in endangered African wild dogs (2017)
Journal Article
Jordan, N. R., Buse, C., Wilson, A. M., Golabek, K. A., Apps, P. J., Lowe, J. C., …McNutt, J. W. (2017). Dynamics of direct inter-pack encounters in endangered African wild dogs. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-017-2338-9

Aggressive encounters may have important life history consequences due to the potential for injury and death, disease transmission, dispersal opportunities or exclusion from key areas of the home range. Despite this, little is known of their detailed... Read More about Dynamics of direct inter-pack encounters in endangered African wild dogs.

The effects of intrauterine infusion of peanut oil on endometrial health, salivary cortisol and interovulatory period in mares (2017)
Journal Article
Campbell, M. L. H., Hampshire, D., Hamstead, L., Rose, B., Smith, K. C., & De Mestre, A. M. (2017). The effects of intrauterine infusion of peanut oil on endometrial health, salivary cortisol and interovulatory period in mares. Theriogenology, 102, 116-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.07.009

Intrauterine infusion of peanut oil at Day 10 post-ovulation has been reported to prolong dioestrus in mares. However, the effects of peanut oil treatment on the endometrium and whether the technique is painful have not been assessed. The objectives... Read More about The effects of intrauterine infusion of peanut oil on endometrial health, salivary cortisol and interovulatory period in mares.

Reconstruction and evolutionary history of eutherian chromosomes (2017)
Journal Article
Kim, J., Farre Belmonte, M., Auvil, L. S., Capitanu, B., Larkin, D. M., Ma, J., & Lewin, H. A. (2017). Reconstruction and evolutionary history of eutherian chromosomes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(27), E5379-E5388. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702012114

Whole-genome assemblies of 19 placental mammals and two outgroup species were used to reconstruct the order and orientation of syntenic fragments in chromosomes of the eutherian ancestor and six other descendant ancestors leading to human. For ancest... Read More about Reconstruction and evolutionary history of eutherian chromosomes.

Phenotypic heterogeneity of peripheral monocytes in healthy dogs (2017)
Journal Article
Gibbons, N., Goulart, M. R., Chang, Y. M., Efstathiou, K., Purcell, R., Wu, Y., …Garden, O. A. (2017). Phenotypic heterogeneity of peripheral monocytes in healthy dogs. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 190, 26-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.06.007

Monocytes are key cells of the innate immune system. Their phenotypic and functional roles have been investigated in humans, mice and other animals, such as the rat, pig and cow. To date, detailed phenotypic analysis of monocytes has not been underta... Read More about Phenotypic heterogeneity of peripheral monocytes in healthy dogs.

A role for TSPO in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and redox stress signaling (2017)
Journal Article
Gatliff, J., East, D. A., Singh, A., Alvarez, M. S., Frison, M., Matic, I., …Campanella, M. (2017). A role for TSPO in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and redox stress signaling. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2017.186

The 18 kDa translocator protein TSPO localizes on the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Systematically overexpressed at sites of neuroinflammation it is adopted as a biomarker of brain conditions. TSPO inhibits the autophagic removal of mitochondri... Read More about A role for TSPO in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and redox stress signaling.

Morphology and the gradient of a symmetric potential predicts gait transitions of dogs (2017)
Journal Article
Wilshin, S. D., Haynes, G. C., Porteous, J., Koditschek, D., Revzen, S., & Spence, A. J. (2017). Morphology and the gradient of a symmetric potential predicts gait transitions of dogs. Biological Cybernetics, 111(3-4), 269-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-017-0721-2

Gaits and gait transitions play a central role in the movement of animals. Symmetry is thought to govern the structure of the nervous system, and constrain the limb motions of quadrupeds. We quantify the symmetry of dog gaits with respect to combinat... Read More about Morphology and the gradient of a symmetric potential predicts gait transitions of dogs.

Estimating the causal influence of body mass index on risk of Parkinson disease: A Mendelian randomisation study (2017)
Journal Article
Noyce, A. J., Kia, D. A., Hemani, G., Nicolas, A., Price, T. R., De Pablo-Fernandez, E., …Wood, N. W. (2017). Estimating the causal influence of body mass index on risk of Parkinson disease: A Mendelian randomisation study. PLoS Medicine, 14(6), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002314

Both positive and negative associations between higher body mass index (BMI) and Parkinson disease (PD) have been reported in observational studies, but it has been difficult to establish causality because of the possibility of residual confounding o... Read More about Estimating the causal influence of body mass index on risk of Parkinson disease: A Mendelian randomisation study.

Breed, Coat Color, and Hair Length as Risk Factors for Hyperthyroidism in Cats (2017)
Journal Article
Crossley, V. J., Debnath, A., Chang, Y. M., Fowkes, R. C., Elliott, J., & Syme, H. M. (2017). Breed, Coat Color, and Hair Length as Risk Factors for Hyperthyroidism in Cats. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 31(4), 1028-1034. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14737

Hyperthyroidism is very common in older cats, but the etiopathogenesis is poorly understood. Decreased risk of hyperthyroidism has been reported in certain colorpoint breeds, and this observation previously has been hypothesized to result from relati... Read More about Breed, Coat Color, and Hair Length as Risk Factors for Hyperthyroidism in Cats.

Regulation of bone mineral density in the grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis: Bioavailability of calcium oxalate, and implications for bark stripping (2017)
Journal Article
Nichols, C. P., Gregory, N. G., Goode, N., Gill, R. M. A., & Drewe, J. A. (2017). Regulation of bone mineral density in the grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis: Bioavailability of calcium oxalate, and implications for bark stripping. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 102(1), https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12740

Finite-element modelling of mechanobiological factors influencing sesamoid tissue morphology in the patellar tendon of an ostrich (2017)
Journal Article
Chadwick, K., Shefelbine, S. J., Pitsillides, A. A., & Hutchinson, J. R. (2017). Finite-element modelling of mechanobiological factors influencing sesamoid tissue morphology in the patellar tendon of an ostrich. Royal Society Open Science, 4(6), 170133. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170133

The appearance and shape of sesamoid bones within a tendon or ligament wrapping around a joint are understood to be influenced by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Ostriches (Struthio camelus) possess two sesamoid patellae (kneecaps), one of which... Read More about Finite-element modelling of mechanobiological factors influencing sesamoid tissue morphology in the patellar tendon of an ostrich.

Activation of the P2Y2 receptor regulates bone cell function by enhancing ATP release (2017)
Journal Article
Orriss, I. R., Gueneri, D., Hajjawai, M. O., Shaw, K., Patel, J. J., & Arnett, T. R. (2017). Activation of the P2Y2 receptor regulates bone cell function by enhancing ATP release. Journal of Endocrinology, 233, 341-356. https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-17-0042

Bone cells constitutively release ATP into the extracellular environment where it acts locally via P2 receptors to regulate bone cell function. Whilst P2Y2 receptor stimulation regulates bone mineralisation, the functional effects of this receptor in... Read More about Activation of the P2Y2 receptor regulates bone cell function by enhancing ATP release.