Equine penile squamous cell carcinoma: expression of biomarker proteins and EcPV2

Arthurs, C; Suarez-Bonnet, A; Willis, C; Xie, B; Machulla, N; Mair, T S; Cao, K; Millar, M; Thrasivoulou, C; Priestnall, S L; Ahmed, A

Abstract

Equine penile squamous cell carcinoma (EpSCC) is a relatively common cutaneous neoplasm with a poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the protein expression and colocalisation of FRA1, c-Myc, Cyclin D1, and MMP7 in normal (NT), tumour (T), hyperplastic epidermis and/or squamous papilloma (Hyp/Pap), poorly-differentiated (PDSCC), or well-differentiated (WDSCC) EpSCC using a tissue array approach. Further objectives were to correlate protein expression to (i) levels of inflammation, using a convolutional neural network (ii) equine papillomavirus 2 (EcPV2) infection, detected using PCR amplification. We found an increase in expression of FRA1 in EpSCC compared to NT samples. c-Myc expression was higher in Hyp/Pap and WDSCC but not PDSCC whereas MMP7 was reduced in WDSCC compared with NT. There was a significant increase in the global intersection coefficient (GIC) of FRA1 with MMP7, c-Myc, and Cyclin D1 in EpSCC. Conversely, GIC for MMP7 with c-Myc was reduced in EpSCC tissue. Inflammation was positively associated with EcPV2 infection in both NT and EpSCC but not Hyp/Pap. Changes in protein expression could be correlated with EcPV2 for Cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Our results evaluate novel biomarkers of EpSCC and a putative correlation between the expression of biomarkers, EcPV2 infection and inflammation.

Citation

Arthurs, C., Suarez-Bonnet, A., Willis, C., Xie, B., Machulla, N., Mair, T. S., Cao, K., Millar, M., Thrasivoulou, C., Priestnall, S. L., & Ahmed, A. (2020). Equine penile squamous cell carcinoma: expression of biomarker proteins and EcPV2. Scientific Reports, 10(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64014-3

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 27, 2020
• Publication Date: May 12, 2020
• Deposit Date: May 27, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: May 27, 2020
• Journal: Scientific Reports
• Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
• Publisher: Nature Research
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 10
• Issue: 1
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64014-3
• Public URL: https://rvc-repository.worktribe.com/output/1377320