Abdinasir Yusuf Osman
Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Risk Factors Associated with Salmonella spp. Isolates from Poultry Farms in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Osman, Abdinasir Yusuf; Elmi, Sharifo Ali; Simons, David; Elton, Linzy; Haider, Najmul; Khan, Mohd Azam; Othman, Iekhsan; Zumla, Alimuddin; McCoy, David; Kock, Richard
Authors
Sharifo Ali Elmi
David Simons
Linzy Elton
Najmul Haider
Mohd Azam Khan
Iekhsan Othman
Alimuddin Zumla
David McCoy
Richard Kock
Abstract
The burden of antimicrobial use in agricultural settings is one of the greatest challenges
facing global health and food security in the modern era. Malaysian poultry operations are a relevant
but understudied component of epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to identify
the prevalence, resistance patterns, and risk factors associated with Salmonella isolates from poultry
farms in three states of East Coast Peninsular Malaysia. Between 8 February 2019 and 23 February
2020, a total of 371 samples (cloacal swabs = 259; faecal = 84; Sewage = 14, Tap water = 14) was
collected from poultry operations. Characteristics of the sampled farms and associated risk factors
were obtained using semi-structured questionnaires. Presumptive Salmonella spp. isolates were
identified based on colony morphology with subsequent biochemical and PCR confirmation. Susceptibility
of isolates was tested against a panel of 12 antimicrobials using disk diffusion method.
Our findings revealed that the proportion of Salmonella spp.-positive isolates across sample source
were as following: cloacal swab (46.3%, 120/259); faecal (59.5%, 50/84); in tap water (14.3%, 2/14);
and in sewage sample (35.7%, 5/14). Isolates from faecal (15.5%, 13/84), cloacal (1.2%, 3/259), and
sewage (7.1%, 1/14) samples were significantly resistant to at least five classes of antimicrobials.
Resistance to Sulfonamides class (52%, 92/177) was predominantly observed followed by tetracycline
(39.5%, 70/177) and aminoglycosides (35.6%, 63/177). Multivariate regression analysis identified
intensive management system (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.00–2.40) as a leading driver of antimicrobial
resistance (AMR) acquisition. A prevalence of resistance to common antimicrobials was recorded
for sulfamethoxazole (33.9%), tetracycline (39.5%), and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (37.9%). A
close association between different risk factors and the prevalence of AMR of Salmonella strains suggests
a concern over rising misuse of veterinary antimicrobials that may contribute to the emergence
and evolution of multidrug-resistant pathogen isolates. One Health approach is recommended to
achieve a positive health outcome for all species.
Citation
Osman, A. Y., Elmi, S. A., Simons, D., Elton, L., Haider, N., Khan, M. A., …Kock, R. (in press). Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Risk Factors Associated with Salmonella spp. Isolates from Poultry Farms in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Pathogens, 10(9), 1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091160
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Sep 6, 2021 |
Online Publication Date | Sep 9, 2021 |
Deposit Date | Oct 6, 2021 |
Publicly Available Date | Mar 28, 2024 |
Journal | Pathogens |
Print ISSN | 2076-0817 |
Publisher | MDPI |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 10 |
Issue | 9 |
Pages | 1160 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091160 |
Keywords | Infectious Diseases; Microbiology (medical); General Immunology and Microbiology; Molecular Biology; Immunology and Allergy |
Public URL | https://rvc-repository.worktribe.com/output/1551504 |
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