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Detection of hypoglycin A and MCPA‐carnitine in equine serum and muscle tissue: optimisation and validation of a LC‐MS based method without derivatisation (2020)
Journal Article
González Medina, S., Hyde, C., Lovera, I., & Piercy, R. J. (2020). Detection of hypoglycin A and MCPA‐carnitine in equine serum and muscle tissue: optimisation and validation of a LC‐MS based method without derivatisation. Equine Veterinary Journal, https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13303

Measurement of hypoglycin A (HGA) and its toxic metabolite, methylenecyclopropylacetic acid (MCPA), in equine serum confirms a diagnosis of atypical myopathy (AM), a pasture‐associated toxic rhabdomyolysis with high mortality linked to the ingestion... Read More about Detection of hypoglycin A and MCPA‐carnitine in equine serum and muscle tissue: optimisation and validation of a LC‐MS based method without derivatisation.

Lasting organ-level bone mechanoadaptation is unrelated to local strain (2020)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., Razi, H., Gohin, S., Wylie, S., Chang, Y. M., Salmon, P., …Pitsillides, A. A. (2020). Lasting organ-level bone mechanoadaptation is unrelated to local strain. Science Advances, 6(10), https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax8301

Bones adapt to mechanical forces according to strict principles predicting straight shape. Most bones are, however, paradoxically curved. To solve this paradox, we used computed tomography–based, four-dimensional imaging methods and computational ana... Read More about Lasting organ-level bone mechanoadaptation is unrelated to local strain.

Divergent evolution of terrestrial locomotor abilities in extant Crocodylia (2019)
Journal Article
Hutchinson, J. R., Felkler, D., Houston, K., Chang, Y. M., Brueggen, J., Kledzik, D., & Vliet, K. A. (2019). Divergent evolution of terrestrial locomotor abilities in extant Crocodylia. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55768-6

Extant Crocodylia are exceptional because they employ almost the full range of quadrupedal footfall patterns (“gaits”) used by mammals; including asymmetrical gaits such as galloping and bounding. Perhaps this capacity evolved in stem Crocodylomorpha... Read More about Divergent evolution of terrestrial locomotor abilities in extant Crocodylia.

Aging and Mechanoadaptive Responsiveness of Bone (2019)
Journal Article
Javaheri, B., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2019). Aging and Mechanoadaptive Responsiveness of Bone. Current Osteoporosis Reports, 17(6), 560-569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-019-00553-7

Osteoporosis is an age-related disorder characterized by bone loss and increased fracture susceptibility. Whether this is due to reduced loading in less active elderly individuals or inherent modifications in bone cells is uncertain. We suppose that... Read More about Aging and Mechanoadaptive Responsiveness of Bone.

Raman spectroscopy links differentiating osteoblast matrix signatures to pro-angiogenic potential (2019)
Journal Article
Sharma, A., Goring, A., Staines, K. A., Emery, R., Pitsillides, A. A., Oreffo, R. O. C., …Clarkin, C. E. (2019). Raman spectroscopy links differentiating osteoblast matrix signatures to pro-angiogenic potential. Matrix Biology, 5, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.100018

Mineralization of bone is achieved by the sequential maturation of the immature amorphous calcium phase to mature hydroxyapatite and is central to the process of bone development and repair. To study normal and dysregulated mineralization in vitro, s... Read More about Raman spectroscopy links differentiating osteoblast matrix signatures to pro-angiogenic potential.

Can skeletal surface area predict in vivo foot surface area? (2019)
Journal Article
Strickson, E. C., Hutchinson, J. R., Wilkinson, D. M., & Falkingham, P. L. (2019). Can skeletal surface area predict in vivo foot surface area?. Journal of Anatomy, https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13090

The surface area of feet in contact with the ground is a key morphological feature that influences animal locomotion. Underfoot pressures (and consequently stresses experienced by the foot), as well as stability of an animal during locomotion, depend... Read More about Can skeletal surface area predict in vivo foot surface area?.

Investigation into pathophysiology of naturally occurring palatal instability and intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) in racehorses: Thyro-hyoid muscles fatigue during exercise (2019)
Journal Article
Cercone, M., Olsen, E., Perkins, J. D. M., Cheetham, J., Mitchell, L. M., & Ducharme, N. G. (2019). Investigation into pathophysiology of naturally occurring palatal instability and intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) in racehorses: Thyro-hyoid muscles fatigue during exercise. PLoS ONE, 14, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224524

Exercise induced intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) is a common cause of airway obstruction and poor performance in racehorses. The definite etiology is still unclear, but through an experimental model, a role in the developme... Read More about Investigation into pathophysiology of naturally occurring palatal instability and intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) in racehorses: Thyro-hyoid muscles fatigue during exercise.

Ontogenetic scaling of pelvic limb muscles, tendons and locomotor economy in the Ostrich (Struthio camelus) (2019)
Journal Article
Channon, S. B., Young, I. S., Cordner, B., & Swann, N. (2019). Ontogenetic scaling of pelvic limb muscles, tendons and locomotor economy in the Ostrich (Struthio camelus). Journal of Experimental Biology, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.182741

In rapidly growing animals there are numerous selective pressures and developmental constraints underpinning the ontogenetic development of muscle-tendon morphology and mechanical properties. Muscle force generating capacity, tendon stiffness, elasti... Read More about Ontogenetic scaling of pelvic limb muscles, tendons and locomotor economy in the Ostrich (Struthio camelus).

Ground reaction forces of overground galloping in ridden Thoroughbred racehorses (2019)
Journal Article
Self Davies, Z. T., Spence, A. J., & Wilson, A. M. (2019). Ground reaction forces of overground galloping in ridden Thoroughbred racehorses. Journal of Experimental Biology, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204107

The horse has evolved to gallop economically at high speed. Limb force increases with speed but direct measures of limb ground reaction forces (GRFs) at gallop are sparse. This study reports GRFs for multiple limbs, using force plates, across seven T... Read More about Ground reaction forces of overground galloping in ridden Thoroughbred racehorses.

Evaluation of the Effects of Synovial Multipotent Cells on Deep Digital Flexor Tendon Repair in a Large Animal Model of Intra-Synovial Tendinopathy (2019)
Journal Article
Khan, M. R., Smith, R. K., David, F. H., Lam, R., Hughes, G., DeGodoy, R., …Dudhia, J. (2019). Evaluation of the Effects of Synovial Multipotent Cells on Deep Digital Flexor Tendon Repair in a Large Animal Model of Intra-Synovial Tendinopathy. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 38(1), 128-138. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.24423

ntra‐synovial tendon injuries are a common orthopedic problem with limited treatment options. The synovium is a specialized connective tissue forming the inner encapsulating lining of diarthrodial joints and intra‐synovial tendons. It contains multip... Read More about Evaluation of the Effects of Synovial Multipotent Cells on Deep Digital Flexor Tendon Repair in a Large Animal Model of Intra-Synovial Tendinopathy.

Equine odontogenic tumors: Clinical presentation, CT findings, and outcome in 11 horses (2019)
Journal Article
Morgan, R. E., Fiske-Jackson, A. R., Hellige, M., Gerhauser, I., Wohlsein, P., & Biggi, M. (2019). Equine odontogenic tumors: Clinical presentation, CT findings, and outcome in 11 horses. https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.12793

Odontogenic tumors present as locally invasive, slow growing, firm swellings on the face. They are rare in all species and are characterized histologically by the degree of differentiation and dental tissue of origin. Radiographic appearance is not p... Read More about Equine odontogenic tumors: Clinical presentation, CT findings, and outcome in 11 horses.

Dchs1-Fat4 regulation of osteogenic differentiation in mouse (2019)
Journal Article
Crespo-Enriquez, I., Hodgson, T., Zakaria, S., Cadoni, E., Shah, M., Allen, S., …Francis-West, P. (2019). Dchs1-Fat4 regulation of osteogenic differentiation in mouse. Development, 146, https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.176776

In human, mutations of the protocadherins FAT4 and DCHS1 result in Van Maldergem syndrome, which is characterised, in part, by craniofacial abnormalities. Here, we analyse the role of Dchs1-Fat4 signalling during osteoblast differentiation in mouse.... Read More about Dchs1-Fat4 regulation of osteogenic differentiation in mouse.

The Effect of Training on Stride Duration in a Cohort of Two-Year-Old and Three-Year-Old Thoroughbred Racehorses (2019)
Journal Article
Parkes, R. S. V., Weller, R., Pfau, T., & Witte, T. H. (2019). The Effect of Training on Stride Duration in a Cohort of Two-Year-Old and Three-Year-Old Thoroughbred Racehorses. Animals, 9(7), 466. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9070466

Objective gait monitoring is increasingly accessible to trainers. A more comprehensive understanding of ‘normal’ gait adaptations is required. Forty two-year-old thoroughbred racehorses were recruited when entering training and followed for 22 months... Read More about The Effect of Training on Stride Duration in a Cohort of Two-Year-Old and Three-Year-Old Thoroughbred Racehorses.

The influence of gap size on the development of fracture union with a micro external fixator (2019)
Journal Article
Meeson, R. L., Moazen, M., Sanghani-Keri, A., Osagie-Clouard, L., Coathup, M., & Blunn, G. (2019). The influence of gap size on the development of fracture union with a micro external fixator. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 99, 161-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.07.015

Increasingly, the rat femoral fracture model is being used for preclinical investigations of fracture healing, however, the effect of gap size and its influence on mechanobiology is not well understood. We aimed to evaluate the influence of osteotomy... Read More about The influence of gap size on the development of fracture union with a micro external fixator.

What is the level of dystrophin expression required for effective therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy? (2019)
Journal Article
Wells, D. J. (2019). What is the level of dystrophin expression required for effective therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?. Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility, 40(2), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10974-019-09535-9

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked muscle wasting disease. The disease is due to mutations in the DMD gene that encodes for a large intracellular protein called dystrophin. Dystrophin plays a critical role in linking the internal c... Read More about What is the level of dystrophin expression required for effective therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?.

Regulation of the bone vascular network is sexually dimorphic (2019)
Journal Article
Goring, A., Sharma, A., Javaheri, B., Smith, R. C., Kanczler, J. M., Boyde, A., …Clarkin, C. E. (2019). Regulation of the bone vascular network is sexually dimorphic. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3825

Osteoblast (OB) lineage cells are an important source of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is critical for bone growth and repair. During bone development, pubertal differences in males and females exist, but little is known about whet... Read More about Regulation of the bone vascular network is sexually dimorphic.

Differing calcification processes in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and osteoblasts (2019)
Journal Article
Patel, J. J., Bourne, L. E., Davies, B. K., Arnett, T. R., MacRae, V. E., Wheeler-Jones, C. P. D., & Orriss, I. R. (2019). Differing calcification processes in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and osteoblasts. Experimental Cell Research, 380(1), 100-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.020

Arterial medial calcification (AMC) is the deposition of calcium phosphate mineral, often as hydroxyapatite, in the medial layer of the arteries. AMC shares some similarities to skeletal mineralisation and has been associated with the transdifferenti... Read More about Differing calcification processes in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and osteoblasts.

Digital dissection of the pelvis and hindlimb of the red-legged running frog, Phlyctimantis maculatus, using Diffusible Iodine Contrast Enhanced computed microtomography (DICE µCT) (2019)
Journal Article
Collings, A. J., & Richards, C. T. (2019). Digital dissection of the pelvis and hindlimb of the red-legged running frog, Phlyctimantis maculatus, using Diffusible Iodine Contrast Enhanced computed microtomography (DICE µCT). PeerJ, 7, e7003. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7003

The current study applies both traditional and Diffusible Iodine Contrast Enhanced computed microtomography (DICE µCT) techniques to reveal the musculoskeletal anatomy of Phlyctimantis maculatus. DICE µCT has emerged as a powerful tool to visualise i... Read More about Digital dissection of the pelvis and hindlimb of the red-legged running frog, Phlyctimantis maculatus, using Diffusible Iodine Contrast Enhanced computed microtomography (DICE µCT).